Document Type : Research َ Article
Authors
1
Dept of Knowledge and Information Sciences , Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Brijand, Birjand, Iran
2
Master of Information Management, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
Abstract
Purpose: The indigenous knowledge of Balochistan’s handicrafts is a living, intergenerational heritage that is primarily transmitted through oral tradition, observation, and experiential learning. This study aimed to identify the optimal model for disseminating and transferring indigenous knowledge and to examine its transition from traditional mechanisms to emerging digital practices.
Method: This applied qualitative study employed a descriptive–exploratory design. Data were collected through 16 semi-structured interviews with artisans and knowledge holders (11 women and 5 men) across four counties: Khash, Iranshahr, Saravan, and Chabahar. Data were analyzed through a three-stage coding process using MAXQDA software. To ensure validity, member checking and peer debriefing were conducted; reliability was assessed through inter-coder agreement (Kappa = 0.65). Ethical considerations included informed consent, confidentiality, and anonymization.
Findings: The results indicate that the dissemination and transmission of indigenous knowledge are grounded in a combination of traditional methods and emerging digital capacities. In knowledge dissemination, face-to-face interaction, gatherings, guidance from master artisans, local workshops, and the use of ready-made patterns play central roles. Knowledge transfer predominantly occurs within family settings through observation, imitation, repetition and close apprenticeship. In the optimal model, participants emphasized a blended approach: in-person instruction is essential for understanding materials, mastering subtle hand movements, and acquiring visual skills,, repeated review, and flexible learning. Exhibitions also serve as practical learning environments and opportunities for market engagement. According to artisans, effective knowledge transfer is gradual, driven by interest, focus, incremental learning, and sustained practice—factors that contribute to economic empowerment and the indigenous arts.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the optimal model is a “synergy of tradition and technology.” Institutions such as public libraries can play a reinforcing role through documentation, local archiving, and knowledge mediation. It is recommended that supportive policies, digital literacy, and cultural–educational infrastructures be strengthened to preserve and sustain indigenous knowledge.
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