https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/ Librarianship and Information Organization Studies en daily 1 Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0330 Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0330 https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3353.html In an era where battles are no longer fought solely on military fronts- where the mind, perception, and collective memory have become arenas of conflict- the "war of narratives" stands as one of the most critical challenges facing contemporary societies. Drawing on professional experience and examples from contemporary conflicts, this editorial demonstrates how narratives can shape, distort, or override our perception of reality. In such a context, librarians and information science professionals are not marginal bystanders. By safeguarding informational accuracy, promoting information literacy, contextualizing data, preserving collective memory, developing web archives, designing retrieval systems, and adhering to professional ethics, they play a fundamental role in fostering informed judgment within society. The core message of this editorial is that the engagement of librarians and information science professionals in the discourse on narrative wars does not represent a departure from their professional domain. Rather, it is an integral part of their professional responsibility in a world where narratives conquer minds. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3281.html Purpose: Given that data governance is considered one of the most important strategies for organizations to manage their processes, the aim of this study is to determine the framework of data governance and its components in the National Library and Archives of Iran from the perspective of experts and opinion leaders.Method: The research method is qualitative and meta-synthesis. To identify the components and elements of data governance, the model presented in the research of Fathollahzadeh et al was considered as a basic model; in such a way that five main axes were considered for designing the data governance framework, including planning, organization, performance, implementation, and monitoring. After that, the extracted indicators were adapted based on the processes of the NLAI. In addition to meta-synthesis, the Delphi method was also used to validate the components and indicators and finalize a suitable framework for use in the NLAI.Findings: The key components and indicators that experts considered essential for implementing the NLAI's data governance program and were of high importance in the assessments were presented in the form of a written presentation framework consisting of 5 axes, 47 components, and 127 key indicators. Also, based on the findings, executive and research suggestions were presented.Conclusion: Data governance in the NLAI refers to the specification of decision-making rights and accountability frameworks for individuals regarding data, ensuring proper behavior in the creation, consumption, control, analysis, and valuation of data within the organization. Like many data-driven organizations, this organization continuously deals with data and information and produces or collects data and information daily. Therefore, data and information are considered the property and assets of the organization. But storing data without a predetermined plan for ensuring its security and methods of use will be a fruitless task. Having such a plan helps to have a framework of rules for data management. Individual responsibility for specific organizational information; A common language and understanding for those who access and use information. Ultimately, all of these can lead to better collaboration between people and sound organizational decision-making. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3274.html Purpose: Futures studies is a field that encompasses all domains of human knowledge and scientific activity. Its outcomes can have profound and wide-ranging impacts across these domains. As a tool for understanding future transformations and for strategic planning, futures studies is gaining increasing importance in the field of information science and knowledge studies. The present study aims to explore the role and application of the Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) method in futures studies within Iran's the domain of information science and knowledge studies. It seeks to answer the following question: What methodologies have been employed in this field thus far, and what is the position of the CLA method within these studies?Method: This study employed a systematic review method based on the PRISMA framework. The research population included scholarly documents published in reputable national databases such as Magiran, SID, NoorMags, Comprehensive Portal of Humanities, Civilica, Ganj (IranDoc), and the Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), without any time restrictions. Sources were retrieved using keywords such as “futures studies,” “information science,” “librarianship,” and “causal layered analysis.” Following initial screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 66 relevant studies were selected and analyzed.Findings: The findings revealed that a significant portion of futures studies in the field of information science and knowledge studies in Iran fall within the positivist and post-positivist paradigms. These studies predominantly utilized methods such as literature reviews, surveys, the Delphi technique, and trend analysis, focusing on possible or preferable futures. However, they have paid limited attention to discursive, value-based, and mythical dimensions. In contrast, Causal Layered Analysis, which is rooted in the critical paradigm and enables the examination of deeper layers of discourse, worldviews, and metaphors that shape the future, was not employed in any of the reviewed studies.Conclusion: Futures studies in Iranian information science and knowledge studies require greater methodological diversity and the adoption of transformative approaches. The current research landscape is largely limited to superficial and quantitative methods, neglecting the potential of deeper, critical methodologies such as CLA. The preference for methods like surveys, Delphi, literature review, and trend analysis can be attributed to their simplicity, academic acceptance, and the lack of relevant Persian-language resources. Conversely, despite its high capacity to explore meaning, metaphor, and future-making discourses, CLA has been overlooked due to its conceptual complexity, demand for critical thinking, participatory nature, and the time- and resource-intensive nature of its implementation. Expanding the use of critical approaches and incorporating methods like CLA can contribute to a deeper understanding of alternative futures, the design of transformative scenarios, and the development of multi-layered and sustainable policy-making in information science and knowledge studies. It is recommended that future studies combine quantitative and qualitative methods, particularly by utilizing Causal Layered Analysis, to conduct multidimensional investigations into the futures of libraries and information systems. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3162.html Purpose: This research aims to understand better users' cognitive and attentional processes during web searches and provide insights for improving user experience.Method: This research is fundamental in terms of its objective, quantitative nature, and casual-comparative data collection method. Data on users' brain waves were collected using EEG devices at different stages of web search. The search stages included identifying information needs, query formulation, reviewing search engine results pages (SERPs), and relevance judgment of content pages.Findings: The results showed that selective attention significantly differs across various stages of web search. The highest alpha wave activity was observed during the relevance judgment stage, while the lowest activity was noted during the query formulation and SERP review stages. These differences indicate changes in internal and external selective attention levels at different stages of web search.Conclusion: Users' external selective attention decreases while their internal selective attention increases. Conversely, during query formulation and SERP review, because users quickly need to select relevant items among words and titles and engage with the search engine's interface, their external selective attention increases and internal selective attention decreases. This information can be used to develop more effective and user-friendly web search technologies and to enhance user experiences in digital environments. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3211.html Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI), with its remarkable ability to process vast amounts of data and solve highly complex problems, has emerged as a transformative interdisciplinary science in the modern era. Its applications extend across a wide range of fields, including computer science, philosophy, psychology, and social sciences. These applications have significantly contributed to expanding the frontiers of knowledge and fostering innovation. However, traditional scientific classification systems, which were designed based on rigid and distinct disciplinary boundaries, often struggle to accommodate AI effectively. This failure stems from their inability to integrate AI’s interdisciplinary nature seamlessly. As a result, AI faces numerous challenges when it comes to its incorporation into established academic frameworks. This study aims to explore the barriers that hinder this integration and to propose actionable solutions for overcoming these obstacles. Specifically, it focuses on the conceptual, scientific, organizational, and technical challenges that restrict AI’s effective adoption within academic and research structures. Method: This study employs an analytical review method, which is a qualitative approach for systematically examining scientific sources. The information sources were extracted from reputable databases. The reviewed articles span the period from 2010 to 2024, as this timeframe encompasses significant advancements in the field of artificial intelligence and the emergence of interdisciplinary challenges. Out of an initial pool of 200 sources, 40 were selected based on criteria such as scientific credibility, thematic relevance, and a focus on interdisciplinarity. To analyze the findings, the selected sources were qualitatively examined, and the identified challenges were categorized into four domains: conceptual, scientific, organizational, and technical. These challenges were then analyzed based on common patterns across various studies, and corrective recommendations were formulated based on previous research findings. This analysis helped clarify the relationship between existing challenges and the structural barriers to integrating artificial intelligence as an interdisciplinary field.Findings: The study identifies several key challenges to integrating AI into traditional scientific systems. On the conceptual level, disparities in definitions and the absence of a common language between disciplines act as significant barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration. For example, in computer science, AI is largely defined through its algorithms and machine learning systems. In contrast, the humanities approach AI from the perspective of human-machine cognitive and social interactions. These differences complicate effective collaboration and mutual understanding between fields. Scientifically, AI’s methods and theoretical frameworks often fail to align with traditional paradigms in the humanities and social sciences, making integration challenging. Organizationally, universities and research institutions demonstrate resistance to adopting structural and cultural reforms, as they are rooted in rigid departmental systems. Lastly, technical issues such as inadequate hardware, fragmented data systems, and high processing costs pose additional obstacles to implementing AI within academic projects. Conclusion: Overcoming these challenges requires significant changes across multiple levels. Developing unified conceptual standards, reforming educational and research structures to promote interdisciplinary thinking, and investing in advanced technical infrastructure are critical steps. Moreover, global collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and institutions is essential to create standardized frameworks and support interdisciplinary projects. By addressing these barriers, the integration of AI into traditional scientific structures can be accelerated, fostering innovation and advancing interdisciplinary research. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3254.html Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate the status of manuscript digitization across major national Collections in comparative framework. The digitization status was examined in terms of the quantitative progress of manuscripts digitization; the processes of evaluation, selection and preparation, the tools, technologies and technical operations for digital conversion, as well as editing and quality control of digitized manuscripts, and their cataloging.Method: This research employs a comparative study method based on George Brady’s four-stage model. The comparative method was selected due to its ability to provide comprehensive and analytical comparisons and its suitability to both quantitative and qualitative research. The study examined six major national Collections, selected through purposive, Delphi, and convenience sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-designed checklist, whose validity was confirmed by five experts in the field of digitization. Collected data were categorized according to specific indicators for each research question and the criteria associated with each indicator. To facilitate comparison, the data were organized into tables, each dedicated to an indicator. Finally, the Collections were compared based on these data; their strengths and weaknesses were identified, and common patterns or significant differences were extracted.Fingings: Out of the 179,000 manuscripts preserved in the studied Collections, 132,900 had been digitized at the time of the research (2024). The highest performance in quantitative progress belonged to the Astan Quds Razavi Libraries, Museums, and Documents Center, with an annual average of 3,333 manuscripts, while the lowest performance was observed at the Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library, with an average of 577 manuscripts per year. The diversity in methods used in formulating the indicators and criteria for selecting manuscripts reflects the specific objectives and organizational structures. Some Collections have based their selection on the physical criteria of the manuscripts, while others have adopted a more systematic and comprehensive approach. In some Collections, the processes of detaching bindings, flattening pages, repairing damages, and maintaining page order were carried out with high precision. In contrast, others have prioritized speed and volume of output. All Collections have emphasized the production of color images. However, the absence of a unified standard for file formats has led to inconsistencies in archival storage and presentation formats. Editing methods also vary among the examined repositories, and there is a clear weakness in the application of modern metadata and content standards for metadata creation.Conclusion: Consistent with the study’s findings and their comparison with previous research, the digitization of manuscripts in great national Collections shows a growing yet heterogeneous trend. Despite technological advances within these repositories, persistent challenges remain—including the lack of unified standards for file formats and metadata, variability in image quality, and limited resources. It is therefore recommended to undertake targeted investments in infrastructure and to develop national frameworks to enhance coordination, preservation, and access. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3270.html Purpose: In the era of rapidly expanding artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, AI literacy has emerged as a critical necessity of the 21st century. Research emphasizes the importance of equipping citizens- especially non-experts- with the knowledge, skills, and values needed to interact with AI technologies in an informed, effective, and ethical manner. The present study aims to identify the dimensions of AI literacy and to propose a conceptual framework for its Instruction through a systematic review of the literature.Method: This applied research was conducted using a systematic literature review methodology based on the framework proposed by Kitchenham and Charters. The review process included three main stages: planning the review, conducting the review, and reporting the findings. A citation-based search strategy was applied in the Scopus database to retrieve comprehensive and relevant sources. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and validating the sources, 60 full-text studies published between 2020 and 2025 were selected. Reliability checks were conducted to ensure the validity of the extracted codes and their categorization.Findings: Ten core dimensions of AI literacy were identified: understanding the structure and functioning of AI technologies, practical skills in using AI tools, critical evaluation and interpretation of AI outputs, ethical literacy in AI usage, socio-cultural and political awareness of AI implications, career readiness and professional responsibility in the AI era, computational and algorithmic thinking, inquiry-based learning and research with AI, metacognition and higher-order thinking in AI interaction, and self-efficacy and motivation in engaging with AI. The proposed educational framework is structured into four layers. The first layer, Cognitive-Technical, forms the foundation for users’ technical and theoretical understanding of AI. The second layer, Analytical-Functional, emphasizes practical empowerment through the use of AI tools, problem-solving, and computational thinking. The third layer, Ethical-Social, strengthens cultural awareness, ethical responsibility, and critical sensitivity to algorithmic bias and social consequences. The fourth layer, Metacognitive-Developmental, focuses on self-assessment, lifelong learning, inquiry-driven engagement, career-oriented future thinking, and sustained motivation to adapt to ongoing developments in AI.Conclusion: The findings indicate that AI literacy is a multidimensional concept that goes beyond technical understanding. Each layer of the proposed framework addresses distinct aspects—from foundational knowledge and practical skills to ethical awareness and self-directed learning. While prior research has addressed these dimensions individually, a cohesive, pedagogically grounded, multilayered, and adaptable framework has been lacking. The proposed model integrates cognitive, functional, ethical, social, metacognitive, and motivational elements and offers adaptability across educational levels, cultural contexts, and professional domains. It serves as both a theoretical foundation and a practical tool for designing AI literacy programs in schools, universities, and public education. This framework supports a more inclusive and future-oriented approach to AI education by addressing the needs of diverse learners. Future studies are recommended to evaluate the framework’s pedagogical impact, develop assessment instruments for each dimension, and explore its effectiveness in various educational systems and learning environments. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3226.html Purpose: Today, one of the biggest and most valuable assets for any organization is knowledge. Over the past few years, many organizations have recognized that knowledge management plays a key role in generating new knowledge and fostering innovation. This, in turn, has enabled them to deliver new products and services as they increasingly adopt a knowledge-oriented strategy. Thus, the first step in the knowledge management process is to perform a knowledge audit for successful management. In this regard, applying knowledge auditing as a structured process in freelance jobs or project-based organizations plays a key role in recognizing existing and needed knowledge, leading to increased efficiency and better risk management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the aspects and factors of knowledge auditing for freelancing positions.Method: This study is applied research in which the descriptive survey method was used with a quantitative approach. In order to determine the attitudes of experts and practitioners of knowledge management based on some previous studies and the Iranian National Standard ISO 9001 (October 2023), the dimensions and components of knowledge auditing were validated using the Delphi method and incorporated in the questionnaire. Thereafter, the confirmed indices were weighted and ranked by a survey method that employed the Marcus method. Lastly a process model for Knowledge Auditing, specifically for freelance jobs, was created.Findings: All indicators of customer satisfaction were confirmed in the results, and organizations should focus on essential aspects like identification of needs, needs expectations, measurement, and continuous improvement process. Indicators associated with risk and opportunity-like evaluating, documenting, reviewing, and instituting control measures to ameliorate that risk-on the other hand, were spurned. According to which component had priority, customer satisfaction occupies the first position in the success criteria. Ongoing pursuit of needs and expectations of customers and delivering upon them came in third place, while identifying and continuously evaluating the needs and expectations of colleagues and stakeholders secured a fifth place. Additionally, important factors included the involvement of top management and the establishment of clear and measurable quality goals. A final review of the scoring criteria with assigned weights confirmed that systematic design and development of products and services based on standards and best practices is critical. Furthermore, there should be improvements in two key areas: enhancing employees' understanding of their role in ensuring service quality and developing suitable IT infrastructure to support work processes in freelancing.Conclusion: Organizations should focus more on improving customer and stakeholder satisfaction, developing product design and development processes, and enhancing employee skills. Freelancers, in particular, should effectively utilize knowledge audit components to understand their needs, workflows, inventories, and knowledge maps. In this context, freelancers are expected to feel a greater sense of responsibility regarding the need for increased involvement of top management in quality management systems and the development of IT infrastructure to better support knowledge audits. They should also provide appropriate solutions to address existing problems and gaps. Thus, implementing knowledge audit models will enable freelancers to work more efficiently by leveraging desirable knowledge resources and identifying specific information needs in their projects. This will also help them identify and manage risks present in their business paths. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3322.html Purpose: This study aims to identify the appropriate intellectual property legal framework for data transfer in management information systems (MIS) and analyze related intellectual property rights. Given the digital transformation and the importance of data as strategic assets, the need to develop a comprehensive framework for the safe and legal transfer of data in organizations is increasingly felt.Method: This research is of an applied-developmental type with a qualitative approach and a systematic literature review method was used to collect data. After searching in reputable databases such as ScienceDirect, IEEE, ProQuest, Irandoc and ISC with relevant keywords, then based on the systematic review steps and the elimination of irrelevant items in three stages of studying the title, abstract and full text, 23 texts (books, articles and reports) were selected and analyzed based on precise criteria (the presence of keywords in the title, main keywords in the text, and language restrictions). Qualitative content analysis was conducted using the summary and coding method, with a coefficient of agreement between coders (Krippendorff alpha) of 0.88.Findings: The legal framework for data transfer in MIS includes five main dimensions: privacy laws, data security laws, data sharing laws, cross-border data transfer laws, and accountability and responsibility laws. Also, five related intellectual property rights components were identified: copyright, patent, trademark, design, and trade secret.Conclusion: This study shows that effective data transfer management in MIS requires simultaneous attention to legal, security, and technical dimensions. The proposed framework can help organizations design data transfer policies, reduce legal risks, and improve intellectual property protection. Given the dynamism of digital technologies, continuous updating of this framework and education of stakeholders (managers, IT professionals, and regulators) are essential. It is recommended that organizations take practical steps to comply with this framework by developing specific guidelines and conducting periodic audits.  https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3238.html Purpose: This research seeks to determine the factors that affect Iran's participation in international copyright treaties. Such participation is considered crucial for effective interaction with global markets, due to the significant role of copyright in safeguarding intellectual creations and promoting the growth of creative industries.Method: This research is applied in nature and utilizes a qualitative methodology. The approach is meta-synthesis, which facilitates thorough and systematic examination of qualitative texts, enabling the amalgamation of existing findings, the extraction of essential concepts and underlying patterns, and the formulation of new insights derived from prior studies. The data sources for this research encompassed scholarly articles, theses, books, and other pertinent research materials in both Persian and non-Persian languages. From an initial collection of 4,937 academic records, a screening process was implemented based on criteria including duplication, absence of full-text access, and irrelevance to research inquiry. In the end, 51 sources were chosen as the final sample for in-depth analysis. Considering the intricacy of the subject matter and the variety of sources, meta-synthesis was recognized as the most appropriate method for a thorough analysis.Findings: The analysis revealed that four dimensions—economic(4 enablers, 4 obstacles factors), cultural (6 enablers, 3 obstacles factors), political (2 enablers, 5 obstacles factors), and legal (8 enablers, 2 obstacles factors)— are essential in the accession process.Within the economic dimension, issues like Iran's minimal participation in the global market and a lack of adherence to economic mechanisms were noted, while the enhancement of trade infrastructure was recognized as a enablers element. In terms of culture, the frailty of the publishing sector was identified as a significant obstacle, although the improvement of management infrastructure could open up new avenues. From a political standpoint, economic sanctions and certain overarching governance perspectives presented major challenges; however, bolstering international credibility could serve as an incentive for accession. Legally, shortcomings in the Berne Convention and structural difficulties were considerable barriers, yet the adaptability of treaties for developing nations might facilitate the accession process.Conclusion: Accession to international copyright treaties is shaped by various economic, cultural, political, and legal factors. While the growth and enhancement of creative industries without such accession—essential for effective engagement with global markets and the exchange of ideas—encounters significant obstacles, it is crucial to bolster the relevant infrastructures across all dimensions prior to any decision-making. Iran's entry into these treaties would not only protect the legal rights of creators but also enhance international collaboration, draw investment into creative sectors, and promote sustainable economic development. Furthermore, it could improve global confidence in Iran's legal and economic frameworks and raise the nation's profile in international contexts. Consequently, the implementation of comprehensive and forward-thinking policies regarding accession is deemed an essential requirement. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3321.html Purpose: This study aims to examine the extent to which gamification elements are employed in Persian- and English-language reading applications for children. Considering the role of gamification in enhancing user motivation and engagement, the research seeks to identify the current status and existing shortcomings in the design of these applications.Method: This study is evaluative in nature and applied in terms of purpose, and it was conducted in four phases. In the first phase, through content analysis of 56 scholarly sources published between 1990 and 2025, key gamification elements were identified and integrated with the Octalysis motivational framework. In the second phase, an evaluation checklist was developed and validated. In the third phase, 130 children’s reading applications (65 Persian-language and 65 English-language) were identified. Finally, in the fourth phase, the selected applications were analyzed using the finalized checklist.Findings: The findings indicated that the use of gamification elements was substantially more prevalent in English-language applications than in Persian-language ones. In the Epic Meaning, Achievement, Feedback, and Ownership drivers, English apps accounted for 24.62 percent, 33.85 percent, 29.23 percent, and 58.46 percent respectively, whereas the corresponding values for Persian apps were only 4.62 percent, 12.31 percent, 4.62 percent, and 13.85 percent. The only domain in which Persian applications outperformed their English counterparts was the Social Influence driver, with 12.37 percent compared to 3.08 percent. An overall analysis of the eight Octalysis drivers further showed that, in English-language apps, the Achievement (24.34 percent), Creativity (17.99 percent), and Ownership (19.58 percent) drivers had the highest shares. In contrast, Persian-language apps displayed their highest frequency in the Scarcity & Impatience driver (33.85 percent). Overall, English applications demonstrated a more coherent and diverse gamification structure, whereas Persian apps tended to focus more heavily on scarcity-based constraints, content, and social interaction.Conclusion: The findings indicate that Persian reading apps are mainly based on intrinsic motivational drives (values and education), while English apps rely more on extrinsic drives (rewards, challenges, and progression). Overall, gamification in Persian apps remains at a basic level and requires the development of localized hybrid models that integrate intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to enhance engagement and sustain children’s reading behavior. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3239.html Purpose: Rapid advancements in digital technologies and information management and dissemination have transformed the world. In this context, given the emergence of new technologies, the National Library and Archives of Iran needs to leverage the potential of digital transformation to improve its performance and services. This research aims to assess the status of digital transformation in the National Library and Archives of Iran based on the TM Forum Digital Maturity Model.Method: This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative methodology based on the TM Forum Digital Maturity Model. The statistical population of this research comprised the managers of the National Library and Archives of Iran. The sampling method in this study was purposive and convenient sampling, and it continued until data saturation. The content analysis of the interviews was performed using the seven-stage Kvale method, which is one of the analysis methods in qualitative research. The MAXQDA software was also used to analyze the data. Findings: In reviewing and analyzing the participants' responses, seven main categories were identified: financial and revenue aspects, marketing and advertising, service delivery and user interaction, technology and process management, employee and organizational development, data management, accessibility, collaboration, and participation.Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the National Library and Archives of Iran can improve its digital transformation path by focusing on financial aspects, emerging technologies, data management, user interaction, changes in services, and their smart implementation. Focusing on these categories will help the organization effectively meet the needs of stakeholders. Finally, it is suggested that the National Library and Archvies of Iran develop and implement comprehensive policies and guidelines to support the digital transformation process in libraries. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3123.html Purpose: The present research has identified the maturity dimensions of digital transformation and explained its effect on librarians' performance competence in medical sciences universities of Iran.Method: The current research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of data collection method it is of mixed type (qualitative and quantitative), and from a philosophical point of view, it is based on positivist philosophy and has been carried out with a deductive-inductive approach. The current research was carried out in two parts: qualitative (thematic analysis and Delphi) and quantitative. The studied community in the qualitative section, taking into account the input and output criteria, includes 41 Persian and Latin resources in relation to the digital transformation and its maturity, considering the time frame, Latin works between 2016 to 2023 and Persian works between 1395 to 1402 were selected by census method. The statistical population in the Delphi section includes 15 professors and experts in the field of the digital transformation in medical sciences universities of Iran, who were selected in a targeted and accessible way. In the quantitative part, based on Cochran's formula, 163 people out of 280 librarians of the central libraries of the ten major medical sciences universities of Iran were selected as a sample using a stratified random method. The data collection tool in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the discovered components, whose validity was confirmed through construct validity methods and factor loadings, as well as Cronbach's alpha reliability. In order to analyze the data from confirmatory factor analysis and also Path analysis was performed using SMART PLS statistical software.Findings: Based on the findings of thematic analysis and Delphi and confirmatory factor analysis, 61 items of the digital transformation maturity questionnaire were identified and classified into two main components, internal organizational factors with a factor load (0.970) and external factors with a factor load (0.799). So that for the internal organizational dimension, the factors of "development of digital culture, development of digital infrastructure, development of human resources, development of management resources, development of digital strategies, development of infrastructure of new technologies, digital support, organizational rules and regulations, development of users' digital experience “development of digital financial resources “and for the extra-organizational dimension the factors of “national laws and regulations, development of national culture in the field of the digital transformation, cooperation and support of upper and university institutions" were identified. It is favorable. The combined reliability of all factors was higher than 0.7, indicating the good reliability of the tool. The positive and significant correlation of the rank of the questionnaire components indicated the convergent validity of the questionnaire. Also, the results of the quantitative part indicated that the maturity of the digital transformation had a positive and significant effect on the performance of the librarians of the central libraries of the medical sciences of Iran (p<0.05).Conclusion: Taking into account the obtained results, it can be said that the maturity of the digital transformation is an influential component in improving the competence of Medical librarians, therefore, it is suggested that the managers of the information centers of medical sciences universities of Iran, by providing a suitable environment for the digital transformation, take advantage of the competence of human resources as a gateway. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3242.html Purpose: Quantum management is an approach to improving the capabilities, capabilities, and effectiveness of managers and especially employees. Implementing quantum skills increases the capabilities of employees and equips employees with up-to-date knowledge related to their jobs to meet the needs of the organization. Quantum skills also increase the effectiveness and power of managers and employees of the organization. In addition, quantum skills provide the basis for consultation, synergy, and the presentation of new ideas by employees. This study aims to measure the effect of management quantum skills on the development of studing culture of users of public libraries in Alborz province considering the role of knowledge sharing behavior as a mediator.Method: The type of this study is applied and its method is a survey. The research population includes librarians and users of public libraries in Alborz province. The data collection tools are the standard questionnaires of Quantum Management Skills (Shelton & Darling, 2000), Knowledge Sharing Behavior (Chennamaneni, 2006), and the User Study Culture Development Behavior Questionnaire (Dehghani Rayeni, 2013). The first two questionnaires were distributed among librarians, and the Study Culture Development Behavior Questionnaire was distributed among users. In this study, the effect of Quantum Management Skills on the development of the study culture of users of Alborz province libraries was mapped using the structural equation modeling method. In order to examine the demographic characteristics of the research population and present descriptive findings, SPSS software (version 22) was used, and to examine the hypotheses, Smart PLS software (version 3) and the structural equation modeling method were used.Findings: The results of the study showed that quantum management skills have a positive and significant effect on knowledge sharing behavior. In addition, the effect of knowledge sharing behavior on the development of study culture, as well as the effect of quantum skills on the development of study culture, and finally the effect of quantum skills on study culture with the mediation of knowledge sharing behavior was ineffective. Thus, only the second hypothesis of the study was confirmed.Conclusion: Quantum management is one of the new management styles that tries to establish organizational vitality and increase employee dynamism by creating empathy and participation among organization members. This empathy and organizational trust encourage employees to share and disseminate knowledge. However, this knowledge sharing behavior is not in line with the development of a reading culture among library users whom the library serves. There are several reasons for this that require a more detailed examination in a separate research format. Perhaps one of the reasons is librarians' lack of understanding of the stakeholders in knowledge sharing behavior. For some people, knowledge sharing behavior is limited to themselves or their close friends. However, a correct and purposeful understanding of the organization's goals causes all employees to consider the library as a single entity and consider the library's customers (users) as part of the whole. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3201.html Purpose: Information literacy, as one of the essential skills in the information and technology age, plays a crucial role in educational and research processes. However, identifying the opportunities and challenges associated with information literacy in these areas requires serious attention. On one hand, opportunities such as access to extensive information resources, search tools, and new technologies enable researchers and students to easily access the information they need and enhance the quality of their research. On the other hand, there are challenges that can hinder the improvement of information literacy in education and research. These challenges include lack of access to credible resources, insufficient training in information literacy, and difficulties in evaluating the quality of information. Additionally, cultural and social differences in access to technology and information can lead to educational inequalities. The aim of this research is to identify the opportunities and challenges of information literacy in education and research based on a meta-synthesis approach.Method: This study is applied in nature and employs a qualitative approach using meta-synthesis. The statistical population of the present research included Persian articles from the period of  1390 to 1403 and Latin articles from the period of 2000 to 2024 in the field of information literacy in educational and research contexts, which were searched from scientific databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Ganj Irandoc, Noormags, and Silvica. The present research retrieved 236 studies by reviewing the literature on information literacy in education and research. The number of articles and theses in the Persian databases was 221, while the number of articles in the Latin databases was 15. Some of these articles were excluded due to duplication or irrelevance. Ultimately, 26 studies remained. Therefore, the stages of the present research were conducted based on a seven-step approach, which included formulating research questions, systematically reviewing the literature, searching and selecting appropriate resources, extracting information from the sources, analyzing and synthesizing findings, quality control, and presenting the results.Findings: Accordingly, the reviewed studies were analyzed and coded into two concepts and two categories focusing on identifying opportunities and challenges of information literacy in education and research. Consequently, 31 opportunities in the field of information literacy in education and 18 opportunities in research were identified, along with 9 challenges in education and 4 challenges in research.Conclusion: The results indicate that information literacy plays a vital role in enhancing the quality of learning and research. By identifying 31 opportunities in education and 18 in research, the importance of information literacy skills in developing critical thinking, creativity, and innovation is emphasized. Additionally, several challenges, such as the lack of integration of information literacy into curricula and the shortage of technological skills among students and educators, have been identified, which hinder the full utilization of these skills. Finally, recommendations for improving information literacy education and updating the skills of educators and students are provided, which can help strengthen these skills and enhance educational and research processes. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3243.html Purpose: Improving human resource productivity requires a comprehensive planned effort and begins by applying various productivity measures in practice. Planning to improve productivity includes changes in employee motivation methods and improving working conditions, improving systems, instructions, methods, technology, etc. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a knowledge-based model of human resource productivity through a mixed methods approach.Method: The statistical population consists of employees working in universities and higher education institutions across the country. Utilizing Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 384 participants was determined to ensure representativeness. Data collection was conducted through a researcher-developed questionnaire, and the collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the proposed theoretical model.Findings: The results indicated that the green human resource management and green knowledge management exert a direct and positive impact on green innovative behavior. Furthermore, green organizational commitment and knowledge sharing play significant mediating roles in this relationship. The reliability and validity indicators of the data supported the adequacy of the measurement model, and all proposed hypotheses were empirically supported.Conclusion: The convergence of green human resource management and green knowledge management, combined with strengthened green organizational commitment and knowledge sharing, can significantly enhance employees' green innovative behavior. The findings provide valuable insights for organizational managers to foster sustainable development and environmental innovation through targeted strategies in human resources and knowledge management. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3216.html Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of information literacy instruction on the creative thinking of elementary school girls. Given the pivotal role of creative thinking in solving complex problems, fostering intellectual independence, enhancing learning skills, and preparing individuals for life in an information-driven world, this research aims to provide robust empirical evidence on the effectiveness of information literacy education in strengthening students’ cognitive and creative abilities.Method: The research follows an applied objective and employs an experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The study sample comprises fifth- and sixth-grade female students from Mohammadieh, Qazvin Province, selected through convenience sampling. Creative thinking was assessed using the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Figural Form A), while information literacy was measured using Yazdani’s standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and Mann-Whitney U.Findings: The results indicate that information literacy instruction significantly enhances students' creative thinking. A comparison of pre- and post-test scores revealed a statistically significant improvement in creative thinking components among the experimental group compared to the control group. In the fluency component, students exposed to information literacy training generated more ideas with greater fluidity and coherence. Conversely, no such improvement was observed in the control group, where scores even slightly declined in some cases. For flexibility, the experimental group demonstrated an enhanced ability to consider diverse perspectives and generate multiple solutions for a given problem. Their mental adaptability in processing new information improved, enabling them to establish more meaningful connections across different domains of knowledge. In contrast, the control group exhibited minimal changes in this component. Originality also showed notable improvement among students who received information literacy instruction. These students demonstrated more innovative and novel ideas beyond conventional thinking patterns. This suggests that information literacy training not only strengthens research skills but also nurtures individual creativity. The elaboration component exhibited the most significant enhancement in the experimental group. These students were able to expand their ideas with greater detail, articulate them more precisely, and construct a more coherent thought structure. Such progress was absent in the control group. Analysis of covariance further confirmed the significant impact of information literacy instruction on creative thinking development. The effect size of 0.683 indicated a substantial influence, accounting for a major portion of the observed improvement in creative thinking.Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrating information literacy instruction into elementary education can serve as an effective pedagogical strategy for fostering creative thinking. It is recommended that educational policymakers implement structured programs to enhance information literacy in primary schools. Proposed initiatives include teacher training workshops, interactive and game-based classroom activities, and interdisciplinary curriculum development. Information literacy instruction can provide an essential foundation for developing students' creative thinking skills and cognitive capabilities, equipping them to navigate the complexities of today’s information-driven world. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3267.html Purpose: Today, human behavior is largely unpredictable and is influenced by various factors. Organizations are always faced with individuals who, despite the efforts of organizational management to optimize knowledge within the organization and create a knowledge-based environment with sustainable progress and growth for employees, cause deviations and destructive behaviors in the organization. The presence of these individuals with destructive behaviors can reduce the productivity of the organization and other employees. One of these behavioral deviations that exists among human resources today and has caused great damage to the organization's structures is known as knowledge sabotage. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of designing a knowledge sabotage model in government organizations; interpretive structural approach.Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of the study is senior managers and human resources managers of government organizations in Lorestan province, 30 of whom were selected using purposive sampling. The data collection tool is an interview in the qualitative part and a questionnaire in the quantitative part, whose validity and reliability were confirmed using content and theoretical validity, and intra- and inter-coder reliability. In this study, qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and Maxqda software, and quantitative results were analyzed using the ISM method.Findings: The research findings include identifying the dimensions and components affecting knowledge sabotage in four axes: the contexts of knowledge sabotage formation, the intervention factors of knowledge sabotage, along with its dimensions and consequences.Results: The research results indicate that the implementation of knowledge sabotage will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of managerial decision-making, an increase in administrative and time costs, a weakening of innovation and continuous improvement, and a decrease in the social capital of the organization. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3269.html Purpose: Islamic and Western scholars have classified various sciences based on three ontological, methodological, and evaluative bases. However, due to the different views on sciences, they have based their classification schemes on various criteria and models. The aim of this study is to find the differences and similarities between the classifications of Western and Islamic sciences based on the aforementioned three bases.Method: The present article is analytical and was conducted using the literature review method.Findings: The ontological basis in the classification of sciences by Islamic and Western scholars has received more attention than methodological and evaluative bases. This is while both have advanced as a criterion and model for dividing sciences. The difference is that there are more patterns and criteria for dividing sciences among Muslim scholars, of course, noting that the library criterion has been more useful due to its simplicity and ease of use for storing and retrieving sciences.Conclusion: By recognizing the differences between the foundations of patterns and criteria for classifying Western and Islamic scholars, we can speak of a kind of localization of classification knowledge based on the ontology of Muslim scholars and determine educational and research goals accordingly. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3273.html Purpose: The study is classified as an applied-developmental research project, focusing on the design and validation of a coherent and practical model. Methodologically, it follows a cross-sectional survey design using both qualitative and quantitative data.Method: Based on the method of data collection, this research is a cross-sectional survey and, in terms of data analysis, a mixed-methods study conducted through qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative phase, a comprehensive review of scientific and research-based literature from reputable national and international databases was conducted, covering the period from 2016 to 2024. A total of 44 relevant articles were identified, and after rigorous evaluation, 39 articles were selected through purposive sampling for analysis. The qualitative analysis led to the extraction of key components and indicators of personal knowledge management and information overload control. In the quantitative phase, data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire developed based on the qualitative findings. The sample size, calculated using Cohen’s (1992) power analysis principle and G*Power software, included 150 managers and experts from the National Library and Archives. Data collection tools included library research and a 15-construct questionnaire with 71 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. For data analysis, meta-synthesis and structural equation modeling (SEM) using the partial least squares (PLS) approach were employed. To assess the validity of the qualitative phase, the CASP checklist was used. Questionnaire validity was examined using construct validity (outer model), convergent validity (AVE), and discriminant validity. Reliability was evaluated through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability indices.Findings: The results revealed that components such as knowledge security, knowledge acquisition, data analysis and processing, knowledge creation, and efficient knowledge storage directly influence the process of knowledge sharing among individuals. Additionally, knowledge sharing plays a significant mediating role and impacts individual, organizational, and technological knowledge skills. These skills, in turn, enhance personal factors such as self-efficacy, learning motivation, and information literacy—key prerequisites for effectively managing information overload. Moreover, instrumental, technological, and organizational factors—particularly the use of modern knowledge management systems, IT support, and the development of an appropriate organizational culture—play a decisive role in reducing information overload.Conclusion: Implementing the proposed personal knowledge management model can significantly reduce information overload among employees of the National Library and Archives. By enhancing individual skills in information handling, knowledge filtering, and content prioritization, the model contributes to improved cognitive efficiency, better decision-making, and increased job satisfaction. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3314.html Purpose: The main goal of this research was to assess the feasibility of using augmented reality technology in the National Library and Archives of Iran.Method: This research was conducted using a mixed approach with an exploratory strategy. In this research, first, by studying the research texts and literature, the main variables effective in the use of augmented reality technology were extracted, including: organizational policies, human resources, technical infrastructure and financial resources. Then, a semi-structured interview was arranged and 12 experts in the field of augmented reality technology were interviewed..Findings: Data analysis showed that organizational policies in the NLAI for the use of augmented reality technology were at an average or lower level. Also, overall, the human resources situation in the NLAI is in a favorable state for using augmented technology in providing services. According to respondents, there is no appropriate technical infrastructure in the organization for using augmented technology. Also, the NLAI is not in a favorable financial and budgeting situation for using augmented reality technology. Based on the research findings, the organization can use augmented reality technology to provide these services: training users and librarians, holding virtual tours of the library, virtual exhibitions, additional information about resources, guiding users and guiding departments of the organization, 3D display of museum objects, and access to rare resources and manuscripts.Results: Although it seems that in some respects the necessary conditions for using augmented reality technology in the NLAI do not exist; however, with a little revision in the programs, this technology can be used. The organization's programs for the use of artificial intelligence state that augmented reality technology can be included in a subset of these programs. This technology and its use can also be included in future programs. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3344.html Purpose: Indigenous water knowledge plays a crucial role in strengthening rural communities’ resilience to drought, yet its predominantly oral transmission and the absence of formal preservation mechanisms expose it to gradual loss. This study aimed to explicate the role of rural public libraries in South Khorasan as intermediaries in managing indigenous water knowledge, focusing on their capacities, challenges, and actionable strategies.Method: This qualitative study employed a case-study method in the counties of Birjand and Sarbisheh. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 rural public librarians and 6 water experts from the Agricultural Jihad. Purposeful homogeneous sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were analyzed using a deductive–inductive content analysis approach through MAXQDA software, following three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. Intercoder agreement (Kappa 0.5) indicated acceptable reliability.Findings: The results showed that rural public libraries in South Khorasan contribute to the indigenous water knowledge cycle through seven major roles: identification, classification, documentation, dissemination, preservation, access, and knowledge sharing. A unifying theme across these roles is facilitation, encompassing field-level engagement with farmers, administrative support, practical training, and multi-channel dissemination. Identified challenges fell into four categories: interactive (weak communication with locals), institutional (insufficient inter-organizational collaboration), cultural (low library use and limited trust), and infrastructural (resource, equipment, and policy limitations). Corresponding strategies include targeted cultural programs, in-service training for librarians, mobilizing local and volunteer capacities, creating digital and mobile infrastructures, and establishing formal partnerships with local institutions.Conclusion: The findings highlight that rural public libraries in South Khorasan can move beyond traditional lending services and evolve into knowledge ecosystems that integrate the processes of identifying, organizing, documenting, and disseminating indigenous water knowledge. Achieving this role requires provincial policy development for indigenous knowledge management, librarian capacity-building in fieldwork and multimedia production, and establishing a local digital repository. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3345.html Background and Purpose: The wills of martyrs from the Iran-Iraq War contain a wide range of educational, devotional, ethical, political, and cultural concepts. Access to these concepts in a systematic manner remains limited. This study was conducted to design a domain-specific ontology for organizing the semantic content of these documents. The ontology aims to support structured access and improve analytical approaches for research and cultural use.Method: A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative content analysis and domain modeling. The study analyzed a corpus of 1,000 martyrs’ wills. Text processing and concept extraction were performed using Python to ensure consistency and reproducibility. The extracted data were documented in structured spreadsheets and validated by experts in both domain knowledge and ontology engineering. The ontology was developed following the seven-step methodology of Noy and McGuinness (2001) and implemented in Protégé 5.6.4 using the OWL language.Findings: The ontology includes 8,096 concepts, organized into 6 main classes and 2,410 subclasses. It contains 439 object properties and 26 data properties that represent semantic relationships across thematic dimensions. In addition, 17 annotation properties and 358 instances were defined to support documentation and contextual representation. Multiple types of conceptual graphs were generated to visualize relationships among concepts.Conclusion: The ontology provides a structured framework for organizing information from martyrs’ wills. It enables the development of semantic retrieval systems and natural language processing tools for this domain. Beyond its technical function, the ontology can serve as a cultural infrastructure. It supports the preservation of spiritual and ethical teachings, promotes awareness of martyrs’ values, and contributes to the continuity of their legacy in society. Therefore, the ontology functions both as a research instrument and as a medium for cultural transmission. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3346.html Purpose: The indigenous knowledge of Balochistan’s handicrafts is a living, intergenerational heritage that is primarily transmitted through oral tradition, observation, and experiential learning. This study aimed to identify the optimal model for disseminating and transferring indigenous knowledge and to examine its transition from traditional mechanisms to emerging digital practices.Method: This applied qualitative study employed a descriptive–exploratory design. Data were collected through 16 semi-structured interviews with artisans and knowledge holders (11 women and 5 men) across four counties: Khash, Iranshahr, Saravan, and Chabahar. Data were analyzed through a three-stage coding process using MAXQDA software. To ensure validity, member checking and peer debriefing were conducted; reliability was assessed through inter-coder agreement (Kappa = 0.65). Ethical considerations included informed consent, confidentiality, and anonymization.Findings: The results indicate that the dissemination and transmission of indigenous knowledge are grounded in a combination of traditional methods and emerging digital capacities. In knowledge dissemination, face-to-face interaction, gatherings, guidance from master artisans, local workshops, and the use of ready-made patterns play central roles. Knowledge transfer predominantly occurs within family settings through observation, imitation, repetition and close apprenticeship. In the optimal model, participants emphasized a blended approach: in-person instruction is essential for understanding materials, mastering subtle hand movements, and acquiring visual skills,, repeated review, and flexible learning. Exhibitions also serve as practical learning environments and opportunities for market engagement. According to artisans, effective knowledge transfer is gradual, driven by interest, focus, incremental learning, and sustained practice—factors that contribute to economic empowerment and the indigenous arts.Conclusion: The findings suggest that the optimal model is a “synergy of tradition and technology.” Institutions such as public libraries can play a reinforcing role through documentation, local archiving, and knowledge mediation. It is recommended that supportive policies, digital literacy, and cultural–educational infrastructures be strengthened to preserve and sustain indigenous knowledge. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3347.html Purpose: Traditional information retrieval systems in specialized journal databases struggle to meet complex user needs amidst the information explosion. Artificial Intelligence (AI), through natural language processing and personalization, offers significant potential for improvement. However, a comprehensive, systematic framework that identifies, evaluates, and prioritizes practical AI components for these specific systems is severely lacking. This study aims to fill this research gap by presenting a validated operational framework for the intelligent enhancement of these specialized database retrieval systems.Method: This applied research used an exploratory mixed-methods approach. In phase one, a meta-synthesis of 112 selected articles (from 219 initial articles, 2000-2025) was conducted to extract 48 effective AI components. In phase two, a two-round Fuzzy Delphi technique with 19 experts was employed to validate and prioritize these components. Validity was confirmed by content validity, and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.823).Findings: Following the two-round Fuzzy Delphi evaluation, 33 components were ultimately confirmed as effective tools. These components were classified into seven main categories, ranked by expert consensus in order of importance: (1) "Intelligent Search and Recommendation," (2) "Advanced Analytics and Smart Applications," (3) "Natural Language Processing," (4) "Text Evaluation, Enrichment, and Improvement," (5) "Semantic Analysis, Organization, and Information Extraction," (6) "Multimedia Generation and Processing," and (7) "Language Translation and Conversion."Conclusion: This research presents a comprehensive, prioritized framework that serves as a strategic roadmap for making specialized databases intelligent. The expert prioritization indicates a paradigm shift from a "repository of documents" to an "intelligent research assistant." The high ranking of "Intelligent Search and Recommendation" and "Advanced Analytics" highlights the critical importance of user experience and scientific integrity. This framework helps managers guide investments effectively. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3352.html Purpose: Illustrated Iranian Shāhnāmas are among the most significant examples of the art of book decoration, in which the interplay between deeply rooted artistic traditions and the individual creativity of artists is clearly manifested. The present study aims to identify and compare the manifestations of creativity and innovation in three outstanding manuscripts—the Ilkhanid Shāhnāma (Demotte), the Baysunghur Shāhnāma, and the Shah Tahmasp Shāhnāma. It seeks to demonstrate how innovation in the art of book decoration within these manuscripts is realized through the re-creation of visual elements while remaining within established traditions. The study primarily focuses on three key components—page layout, ornamental design, and color application—as the principal domains through which creativity and innovation are articulated.Method: This qualitative study employs a descriptive–analytical and comparative approach. Data were collected through library-based research and the visual analysis of selected images from the three Shāhnāma manuscripts. The analytical process examines and compares geometric page structures, compositional strategies, the type and diversity of decorative motifs, chromatic harmony, and the organization of text and image as indicators of innovation.Findings: The findings indicate that each of the three Shāhnāmas presents a distinct model of creativity within the framework of Iranian book decoration. The Demotte Shāhnāma (Ilkhanid period) is characterized by dynamic compositions, a wide variety of motifs, and a bolder use of color; the Baysunghur Shāhnāma (Timurid period) places greater emphasis on geometric order, visual balance, and structural coherence; and the Shah Tahmasp Shāhnāma (Safavid period) represents the pinnacle of innovation through the complex integration of motifs, chromatic richness, and the precise harmony between text and image. Comparative analysis reveals that the creative differences among these works stem from artists’ individual interpretations of shared traditional principles.Conclusion: The results demonstrate that creativity in illustrated Iranian Shāhnāmas does not imply a rupture with tradition, but rather emerges through the re-creation and diversification of established patterns. The comparative examination of these three majors Iranian Shāhnāmas shows that innovation in the art of book decoration is a conscious and systematic process, closely tied to the historical and cultural context of each work, and that it has played a crucial role in the continuity and vitality of Iranian book arts. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3365.html AbstractPurpose:Knowledge organization is a socio-cultural process through which knowledge produced in scientific, professional, and cultural communities is systematically structured, classified, indexed, and made accessible. This study aims to identify and prioritize the educational needs of knowledge organization practitioners in Iran, enabling the Knowledge Organization Committee of the Iranian Library and Information Science Association to design targeted training programs based on criteria such as academic discipline, degree level, occupation, and type of employing institution.Methodology:This applied research employs a descriptive-survey design.Data were collected via a researcher-developed questionnaire. Content validity was established through the expert judgment of five specialists in knowledge organization, and reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.The online questionnaire was disseminated through email groups and social media networks of the Iranian Library and Information Science community.No formal sampling method was applied; thus, all 140 respondents participated voluntarily. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics in SPSS.Findings:“Artificial intelligence and emerging technologies related to knowledge organization” emerged as the highest overall training priority. This preference was particularly pronounced among students, library staff, individuals with degrees in Library and Information Science (LIS), and those holding associate, master’s, or doctoral degrees. In contrast, faculty members and library managers prioritized knowledge organization software and integrated library systems. At the bachelor’s level, programming languages and extensible markup languages (e.g., XML) were identified as the primary educational need.Conclusion and: The findings indicate a fundamental shift in educational demands—from traditional competencies toward digital, data-driven, and future-oriented skills in knowledge organization. The study recommends revising both formal and in-service training curricula and implementing specialized courses in artificial intelligence, knowledge organization software, programming, and machine learning, aligned with international knowledge organization standards. Additionally, adopting flexible training models can effectively address the diverse organizational needs of practitioners and better prepare them for evolving roles in a knowledge-based society. https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_3370.html Purpose: In today's rapidly evolving and increasingly complex organizational environment, knowledge management has become a critical enabler of effective decision-making and improved organizational performance. One of the major challenges organizations face is managing information and knowledge embedded in work processes, particularly when project and work request management tools provide limited support for knowledge integration. This study proposes an integrated framework to enhance information and knowledge flows by leveraging the capabilities of Jira and Confluence.Method: This applied qualitative study employed an inductive–deductive approach using a case study in a technology-oriented organization. Data were collected through analysis of Jira documentation, organizational processes, team interactions, system reports, and log files. A comparative review of similar organizations was also conducted to improve the validity of the findings.Findings: The proposed framework organizes organizational knowledge management into three dimensions: knowledge identification and acquisition, identification of knowledge bottlenecks, and creation of new knowledge. It emphasizes documentation, identification of knowledge gaps, and integration between Jira and Confluence. The framework incorporates intelligent knowledge recommendations, automatic retrieval of relevant knowledge, and mandatory references to existing knowledge assets. Furthermore, key performance indicators were defined to evaluate productivity, collaboration, problem-solving quality, knowledge sustainability, and user participation.Conclusion: Integrating Jira and Confluence enhances organizational knowledge flow, productivity, and collaboration. However, successful implementation depends on high-quality knowledge assets, a well-defined knowledge management strategy, an organizational knowledge-sharing culture, and effective system integration. Organizations should therefore complement technology adoption with employee training, stronger collaboration, and knowledge-oriented practices to maximize organizational value creation.