واکاوی فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های کتابخانه‌های هوشمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی هوش مصنوعی، دانشکدۀ مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

هدف: بروز هر پدیده همراه با فرصت­‌ها و چالش­‌هایی است که شناخت و درک آن­ها سبب خواهد شد تا با استفاده از فرصت‌­های شناسایی‌شده بتوان تا حد امکان بر چالش‌­های موجود و پیش ­رو غلبه و آن­ها را برطرف کرد و پدیدۀ موردنظر را تقویت کرد و بهبود بخشید. با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون کتابخانه­‌های هوشمند و این نکته که آینده از آنِ کتابخانه‌های هوشمند خواهد بود، به نظر می‌­رسد درک و شناخت فرصت‌­ها و چالش‌­های پیش ­روی آن ضروری است. پژوهش حاضر در پی آن بود که این فرصت­‌ها و چالش­‌ها را شناسایی کند و در صورت نیاز به ارائۀ راهکار بپردازد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد مروری، با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و به شیوۀ استقرایی، به بررسی و تحلیل اسناد و مدارک موجود در حوزۀ کتابخانۀ هوشمند جهت شناسایی فرصت­‌ها و چالش‌­های پیش ­رو پرداخته است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، کلیۀ اسناد و مدارک موجود و مرتبط با موضوع کتابخانۀ هوشمند در پایگاه‌های استنادی اسکوپوس و وب ‌آو ساینس و پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی ساینس دایرکت، اشپرینگر، وایلی، امرالد، تیلور اَند فرانسیس، پروکوئست، ابسکو، جی استور، سیج، ای‌سی‌ام و اریک بود.
یافته‌ها: کاربران، کتابداران، داده‌ها، بودجه، مسائل فنی و فرهنگی و اجتماعی و حقوقی و اخلاقی، خط‌مشی و قوانین و امنیت، ازجمله مهم‌ترین چالش‌­های پیش ­روی کتابخانه­‌های هوشمند شناسایی شد. از سوی دیگر فرصت‌ها شامل استفاده از داده‌ها برای تصمیم‌گیری مبتنی بر شواهد، توسعۀ تجربۀ کاربری بهبودیافته، افزایش همکاری و مشارکت با کاربران و جوامع محلی، توسعۀ آموزش و یادگیری جامعه و ترویج توسعۀ فرهنگی هستند.
نتیجه‌گیری: برای مواجهه با چالش‌ها و بهره‌گیری از فرصت‌‌ها، ضروری است کتابخانه‌های هوشمند به مدیریت تمامی جنبه‌های عملکرد خود بپردازند و تلاش مداومی در جهت بهبود خدمات و تطابق با نیازهای متغیر جامعه داشته باشند. کتابداران، نیازمند کسب توانایی‌هایی جهت مدیریت کارآمد و استفادۀ بهینه از فناوری هستند. برای مواجهه با این چالش، آموزش مناسب کتابداران، ارتقاء مهارت‌های فنی آن‌ها، ایجاد آگاهی و تسهیل فرایند تغییر و توجه به جذب و استخدام کتابداران متخصص و مجرب می‌تواند کمک‌کننده باشد. ارائۀ کارگاه­‌ها و منابع و دوره‌های آموزشی برای کاربران به‌منظور آشنایی با قابلیت­‌ها و ویژگی‌­های فنّاوری­‌های جدید و نظام‌های خودکار و نحوۀ استفاده از کتابخانه­‌های هوشمند، به کاربران کمک می­کند تا مهارت‌های لازم را برای استفاده از کتابخانۀ هوشمند به دست آورند. کتابخانه‌های هوشمند می‌توانند از طریق مشارکت و همکاری با شرکت‌ها و مؤسسات آموزشی و دیگر کتابخانه‌ها، در کاهش هزینه‌­های خود بیشتر کمک کنند. استفاده از فنّاوری‌های پیشرفته مانند اینترنت اشیاء، کلان داده، یادگیری ماشین، هوش مصنوعی، محاسبات ابری و داده‌کاوی برای تحلیل داده‌ها، پیش‌بینی نیازها و رفتار کاربران، خودکارسازی فرایندها و ارائۀ خدمات شخصی‌سازی‌شده، به توسعۀ کتابخانه‌های هوشمند کمک می­کند. پژوهش و تدوین و ارائۀ خط‌مشی‌ها و استانداردها برای شفافیت داده می‌تواند به کتابخانه‌های هوشمند در مواجهه با چالش مدیریت و بهره‌­برداری از داده­‌ها کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Opportunities and Challenges of Smart Libraries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Farkhari 1
  • Mehrdad CheshmehSohrabi 2
  • Hossein Karshenas 3
  • Mohammad Hassan Azimi 4
1 PhD Candidate of Knowledge and Information Science, Knowledge and Information Science Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Knowledge and Information Science Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Artificial Intelligence Department, Faculty of Computer Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Knowledge and Information Science Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The occurrence of every phenomenon is accompanied by opportunities and challenges, which recognition and understanding will lead to using the identified opportunities to overcome the existing and future challenges as much as possible and to solve them and strengthen and improve the desired phenomenon. Considering the increasing importance of smart libraries and the point that the future will be of those smart libraries, it seems it is necessary to understand and recognize the opportunities and challenges ahead. The current research seeked to identify these opportunities and challenges and provide solutions if needed.
Methods: The present research was a review approach using qualitative content analysis and inductive methods to examine and analyze existing documents in the field of smart libraries to identify upcoming opportunities and challenges. The statistical population of the research was all the documents available and related to the subject of the smart library in citation databases like Scopus, Web Of Science, and databases like Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, Emerald, IEEE, Taylor & Francis, ProQuest, Ebsco, JSTOR, SAGE, ACM, and Eric.
Findings: Users, librarians, data, budget, technical, cultural and social, legal and ethical issues, policies and laws, and security were the most important challenges facing smart libraries. On the other hand, opportunities included using data for evidence-based decision-making, developing improved user experience, increasing collaboration and partnership with users and local communities, developing community teaching and learning, and promoting cultural development. 
Conclusion: To face challenges and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary for smart libraries to manage all aspects of their performance and make continuous efforts to improve services and adapt to the changing needs of society. Librarians need to acquire abilities for efficient management and optimal use of technology. To face this challenge, proper education and training of librarians, upgrading their technical skills, creating awareness and facilitating the change process, and paying attention to attracting and hiring expert and experienced librarians can be helpful. Providing workshops, resources, and training courses for users to familiarize themselves with the capabilities and features of new technologies, automatic systems, and how to use smart libraries helps users acquire the necessary skills for the use of intelligent systems to obtain a smart library. Smart libraries can help compensate for their costs more by working towards partnerships and cooperation with companies, educational institutions, and other libraries. The use of advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and data mining for data analysis, predicting the needs and behavior of users, automating processes, and providing personalized services, helps to develop smart libraries. Research, formulation, and presentation of policies and standards for data transparency can help smart libraries in facing the challenge of data management and exploitation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Smart Libraries
  • Smart Library Challenges
  • Smart Library Opportunities
  • Library Smart Services
  • Smart Technologies

مراجع

پرهام‌نیا، فرشاد (1400). مطالعه دیدگاه اعضای هیئت‌علمی از نوآوری و کیفیت خدمات در کتابخانه‌های هوشمند و قصد رفتاری آن‌ها با استفاده از مدل پذیرش فناوری (TAM). فصلنامه کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی (سازمان کتابخانه‌ها، موزه‌ها، مرکز اسناد آستان قدس رضوی)، 24(2)، 35-58.
دیلمقانی، میترا، نقشینه، نادر و معینی، علی (1389). نسل آینده کتابخانه‌ها، با تأکید بر هوشمندسازی خدمات. تحقیقات کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی دانشگاهی (کتابخانه مرکزی و مرکز اسناد دانشگاه تهران)، زمستان، 44(4)، 95 -120.‎
عظیمی، محمدحسن، دخش، سارا و نعمت‌الهی، زهرا (1401). شناسایی قابلیت‌های سیستم‌های خبره و چت‌بات‌ها در کتابخانه‌ها: مرور نظام‌مند. پژوهش‌نامۀ پردازش و مدیریت اطلاعات، 37(4)،1153-1182.‎
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