Semantic Publishing: A Semantic Representation of Scholarly Publications based on the SPAR Ontologies

Document Type : Review Article

Author

Assistant professor, Knowledge & Information Science, Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICeST),Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of semantic web technologies in semantic modeling and representation of scholarly publications (such as articles, books, dissertations, etc.), which is known as "Semantic Publishing".
Method: This descriptive study was conducted using the documentary method. The "SPAR ontologies" (Semantic Publishing and Referencing Ontologies) were created to describe all aspects of the publishing area. To conduct the research, the website of each of SPAR ontologies and some other related resources were examined.
Findings: The SPAR Ontologies are a set of complementary ontologies for the creation of comprehensive machine-readable RDF metadata for every aspect of semantic publishing; including describing the bibliographic information of different types of resources and their parts and components, different types of citations and bibliographic references of scholarly publications, publishing workflow processes (such as roles of agents in the publication process, various types of scientific contributions, different statuses of documents, etc.), and also metrics and statics for bibliographic resources (such as impact factor, h-index, etc.). The SPAR ontologies can be divided into four groups, including ontologies for describing the bibliographic information of different types of resources and their parts (i.e., DoCO، DataCite، FaBiO، DEO, & FRBR-DL), ontologies for describing citations of scholarly resources (i.e., BiRO، CiTO, & C4O), ontologies for describing the publishing workflow (i.e., PSO، PRO، SCoRO، PWO، FRAPO, & FR), and ontologies for describing metrics and statics for bibliographic resources (i.e., BiDO, & FiveStars).
Conclusion: Significant developments in semantic publishing, including changing the way of publishing and sharing research data, improving search capabilities, the possibility of more interaction with users, creating intelligent interfaces and semantic web reasoners, etc., reveals the need for more attention to this area by bibliographic data centers and scientific and research institutes. The use of semantic web languages such as RDF, RDFS, OWL, and SPARQL, to help analyze, process, and interpret scholarly data, makes it possible to increase visibility, discover unknown links between works, find related research, and more. The SPAR ontologies provide the possibility of structuring information related to scholarly publications and the opportunity of describing and semantically representing various dimensions of the publishing area. The relations between semantic publishing and scientometric studies, research data management, evaluation and ranking of journals, reviewing articles, etc., will open new horizons in Knowledge and Information Science studies, and achieving this by relying on semantic web technologies can solve some of the current challenges and problems. Lack of attention to semantic publishing in domestic researches and also the lack of researches that uses SPAR ontologies for semantic modeling and representation of scholarly publications in the Persian language requires more attention and focus on this area.

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History

  • Receive Date: 17 July 2021
  • Revise Date: 20 September 2021
  • Accept Date: 21 September 2021

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