The Value of Islamic Countries Patents based on Importance Factor

Document Type : Research َ Article

Authors

Abstract

Purpose: To study the importance and impact of patents throughout knowledge flow.
Methodology: Using citation analysis, the impact of importance factor in shaping the knowledge flow among Islamic countries patents being recorded during 2005-2014 in the USPTO database was surveyed.
Results: The forward-looking measure importance is varying from 0.21 to 4.41 and has the highest impact factor in the first years of study period. The mean generality score among Islamic countries patents is 0.28, describes the fact that less than one third of the citations are from other disciplines. Also, there is a significant correlation between two measures of looking-forward and generality.
Conclusion: Lack of proficiency in English language, little impact of patents on economy and low quality patents, put Islamic countries in a lower level of recording patents in international databases. Also, Iran is below some Islamic countries in producing patents which calls for more attention toward recording patents in international databases. Also, Islamic countries patents have limited impact in particular subject areas compared to developed countries. 

Keywords


منصوری، علی (1391). بررسی الگوی شبکه جریان دانش میان مخترعان براساس تحلیل شبکه استنادی شکل‌گرفته میان پروانه‌های ثبت اختراع. پایان‌نامه دکتری، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز.
منصوری، علی؛ فریده عصاره (1393). بررسی ارزش منابع دانش براساس عامل اهمیت (نگاه به آینده و نگاه به گذشته) مطالعه موردی پروانه‌های ثبت اختراع. پژوهشنامه پردازش و مدیریت اطلاعات، 29(3)، 683-657.
Agrawal, A., Cockburn, I., & McHale, J. (2006). Gone but not forgotten: knowledge flows, labor mobility, and enduring social relationships. Journal of Economic Geography, 6 (5), 571-591.
AlAzzawi, S. A. (2005). Knowledge flows, innovation and multinational firms Evidence from US patents. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Davis.
Caminati, M., & Stabile, A. (2010). The Pattern of Knowledge Flows between Technology Fields. Metroeconomica, 61 (2), 364-397.
Criscuolo, P., Narula, R., & Verspagen, B. (2005). Measuring knowledge flows among European and American multinationals: a patent citation analysis. Economics of Innovation and New Technologies, 14(5), 417-433.
Ellis, P., Hepburn, G., & Oppenhein, C. (1978). Studies on patent citation networks. Journal of Documentation, 34 (1), 12-20.
European Union (2012). Eurostat: statistic explained. Retrieved Nov. 14, 2015, from http://ec.europa.eu/eurosta
 Fung, M. K., & Chow, W. W. (2002). Measuring the intensity of knowledge flow with patent statistics. Economics Letters, 74 (3), 353-358.
Griliches, Z. (1998). Patent statistics as economic indicators: a survey. In R&D and Productivity: The Econometric Evidence (287-343). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hall, B. H., Jaffe, A. B., & Trajtenberg, M. (2000). Market value and patent citations: A first look (No. w7741). National bureau of economic research. Retrieved 15 May, 2016, from  http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/nbrnberwo/7741.htm
Hall, B., Jaffe, A., & Trajtenberg, M. (2001). The NBER patent citations data file: lessons, insights and methodological tools. 2001. NBER Working Paper, 8498. Retrieved 15 May, 2016, from http://www.nber.org/papers/w8498
Han, Y. J., & Park, Y. (2006). Patent network analysis of inter-industrial knowledge flows: The case of Korea between traditional and emerging industries. World Patent Information, 28 (3), 235-247.
Harhoff, D., Scherer, F. M., & Vopel, K. (2003). Citations, family size, opposition and the value of patent rights. Research Policy, 32 (8), 1343-1363.
Hicks, D., Breitzman, T., Olivastro, D., & Hamilton, K. (2001). The changing composition of innovative activity in the US-a portrait based on patent analysis. Research policy, 30 (4), 681-703.
Hu, A. G., & Jaffe, A. B. (2003). Patent citations and international knowledge flow: the cases of Korea and Taiwan. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21 (6), 849-880.
Jaffe, A. B., & Trajtenberg, M. (1998). International knowledge flows: evidence from patent citations . NBER Working Paper, 6507. Retrieved 15 May, 2016, from http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/nbrnberwo/6507.htm
Jaffe, A. B., & Trajtenberg, M. (2005). Patents, citations, and innovations: A window on the knowledge economy. Cambridge: MIT press.
Jaffe, A. B., Trajtenberg, M., & Henderson, R. (1993). Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations. The Quarterly journal of Economics, 108 (3), 577-598.
Jaffe, A.B. & Trajtenberg, M. (1996). Flows of knowledge from universities and federal laboratories. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 93 (23), 12671– 12677.
Lee, C., Cho, Y., Seol, H., & Park, Y. (2012). A stochastic patent citation analysis approach to assessing future technological impacts. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79 (1), 16-29.
Leydesdorff, L. (2004). The university–industry knowledge relationship: Analyzing patents and the science base of technologies. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55 (11), 991-1001.
Maurseth, P. B., & Verspagen, B. (2002). Knowledge spillovers in Europe: a patent citations analysis. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 104(4), 531-545.
Meyer, M. (2002). Tracing knowledge flows in innovation systems. Scientometrics, 54(2), 193-212.
Nomaler, O. & Verspagen, B. (2008). Knowledge flows, patent citations and the impact of science on technology. Economic Systems Research, 20 (4), 339-366.
Paci, R., & Usai, S. (2009). Knowledge flows across European regions. The Annals of Regional Science, 43 (3), 669-690.
Park, H. W., & Kang, J. (2009). Patterns of scientific and technological knowledge flows based on scientific papers and patents. Scientometrics, 81 (3), 811-820.
Peri, G. (2002). Knowledge flows and knowledge externalities. Cesifo Working Paper, category 5(fiscal policy, macroeconomics and growth). Retrieved November 14, 2014, from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=343581
Peri, G. (2004). Knowledge flows and productivity. Rivista di Politica Economica, 94 (2), 21-59.
Podolny, J. M., Stuart, T. E., & Hannan, M. T. (1996). Networks, knowledge, and niches: Competition in the worldwide semiconductor industry, 1984-1991. American journal of sociology, 102 (3), 659-689.
Reisner, P. (1963). A machine stored citation index to patent literature experimentation and planning. In Proceedings of Automation and Scientific Communications Annual Meeting. Washington, Oct 6–11, 48-62.
Singh, J. (2007). Asymmetry of knowledge spillovers between MNCs and host country firms. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(5), 764-786.
Tamada, S., Naito, Y., Kodama, F., Gemba, K., & Suzuki, J. (2006). Significant difference of dependence upon scientific knowledge among different technologies. Scientometrics, 68 (2), 289-302.
Trajtenberg, M. (1990). Economic analysis of product innovation: the case of CT scanners. Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press.
Trajtenberg, M., Henderson, R., & Jaffe, A. (1997). University versus corporate patents: A window on the basicness of invention. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 5 (1), 19-50.
CAPTCHA Image