National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Establishing a Strategic Orientation in order to Create Public Value: A Case Study of the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of IranEstablishing a Strategic Orientation in order to Create Public Value: A Case Study of the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran62088FAE.Salahi KajorPresident of the National Library and Archives of I.R. IranJournal Article20121225National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Users of the National Library of Iran and their Methods for Using the Resources and Services of the National Library: Is it in Accord with the Library’s Statute or Not?Users of the National Library of Iran and their Methods for Using the Resources and Services of the National Library: Is it in Accord with the Library’s Statute or Not?223989FAH.MohammadzadehM.A. in Library and Information Science; National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. IranA.BozorgiAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science; Islamic Azad University, North-Tehran Branch, Tehran, I.R. IranJournal Article20120514Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics of the users of the National Library, their use of the resources and services of the library, and the conformity of their usage with the statute of the National Library.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research population consisted of the users of resources and services of different sections of the information section (halls, repositories, libraries) of the National Library. The total population included 50,000 individual members and entities. A sample of 254 members were randomly selected for the research, based on the Krejcie-Morgan sampling table. Furthermore, the questionnaire was distributed and collected from various sections at different hours of the day with the help of the librarians working in each section. The data of this research were collected in two areas i.e. descriptive statistics and analytic statistics and the required tests were made by a statistics specialist.
Findings: The most frequent motivation and objective for going to the library was doing homework. More than 50 percent of the library visitors used the reading halls. The usage of the humanities hall is 50 percent and the usage of the resources and services of other parts of the library were less than 50 percent. Lack of access to reputable international databases through the National Library has caused limitations for more than 50 percent of the users in accessing resources.<br />Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, there is a significant difference between the users’ use of resources and services in this library. In other words, the users of the National Library use its resources more than its services.Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics of the users of the National Library, their use of the resources and services of the library, and the conformity of their usage with the statute of the National Library.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research population consisted of the users of resources and services of different sections of the information section (halls, repositories, libraries) of the National Library. The total population included 50,000 individual members and entities. A sample of 254 members were randomly selected for the research, based on the Krejcie-Morgan sampling table. Furthermore, the questionnaire was distributed and collected from various sections at different hours of the day with the help of the librarians working in each section. The data of this research were collected in two areas i.e. descriptive statistics and analytic statistics and the required tests were made by a statistics specialist.
Findings: The most frequent motivation and objective for going to the library was doing homework. More than 50 percent of the library visitors used the reading halls. The usage of the humanities hall is 50 percent and the usage of the resources and services of other parts of the library were less than 50 percent. Lack of access to reputable international databases through the National Library has caused limitations for more than 50 percent of the users in accessing resources.<br />Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, there is a significant difference between the users’ use of resources and services in this library. In other words, the users of the National Library use its resources more than its services.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Critical Analysis of the Iranian Expansions of Dewey Decimal Classification Edition 22Critical Analysis of the Iranian Expansions of Dewey Decimal Classification Edition 22405890FAM.KokabiProfessor of Library and Information Science; Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Ahwaz, I.R. IranN.JafarnejadM.A. in Library and Information ScienceJournal Article20120130Purpose: The aim of this research was to critically study the Iranian expansions of the Dewey Decimal Classification in three sections i.e. standard subdivisions, the schedules, and the relative index.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This is a developmental research based on records and comparisons.<br />Findings: Despite the claim that the Iranian literature expansion is up-to-date and matched to the 21st edition of the Dewey Classification, in the standard subdivision table of this expansion, 80.30 percent of the numbers together with the expressions in front of them have changed in comparison with edition 21 of Dewey Classification. In the schedules, general principles are similar to those of Dewey edition 18, while this structure has significantly altered in Edition 22. The expansion of Islam also indicates the differences between the structure and numbers presented in this expansion for the Islam subject field and the structure and numbers available in the Dewey in its present edition i.e. edition 22, for this field. The third edition of the Iran History expansion, as its introduction claims, had been compared with Dewey 21 and edited wherever required. 89.47 percent of the numbers in the history expansion have completely changed in comparison with edition 20 and 88.38 have completely changed compared with Edition 21. The last edition of the Iranian languages expansion (i.e. edition 2) conforms to Dewey Edition 19. Statistical findings from the standard subdivisions tables show that 27.86 percent of the numbers in the Iranian languages expansion have undergone significant change compared with Dewey Edition 19. Analysis of the schedules of literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions along with comparisons with the main outline of the Dewey classification in classes 800, 900, and 400 and comparing them with structures of schedules in the literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions indicate a limit in numbering through the literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions.<br />Conclusion: The Iranian expansions of the Dewey classification need to be updated based on the universal approach used in the main text of the Dewey classification. By implementing the suggestions of this research the Iranian expansions may be combined into one volume. Some suggestions are provided for changing the structure of schedules of these expansions and therefore improving the status of numbering by them.Purpose: The aim of this research was to critically study the Iranian expansions of the Dewey Decimal Classification in three sections i.e. standard subdivisions, the schedules, and the relative index.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This is a developmental research based on records and comparisons.<br />Findings: Despite the claim that the Iranian literature expansion is up-to-date and matched to the 21st edition of the Dewey Classification, in the standard subdivision table of this expansion, 80.30 percent of the numbers together with the expressions in front of them have changed in comparison with edition 21 of Dewey Classification. In the schedules, general principles are similar to those of Dewey edition 18, while this structure has significantly altered in Edition 22. The expansion of Islam also indicates the differences between the structure and numbers presented in this expansion for the Islam subject field and the structure and numbers available in the Dewey in its present edition i.e. edition 22, for this field. The third edition of the Iran History expansion, as its introduction claims, had been compared with Dewey 21 and edited wherever required. 89.47 percent of the numbers in the history expansion have completely changed in comparison with edition 20 and 88.38 have completely changed compared with Edition 21. The last edition of the Iranian languages expansion (i.e. edition 2) conforms to Dewey Edition 19. Statistical findings from the standard subdivisions tables show that 27.86 percent of the numbers in the Iranian languages expansion have undergone significant change compared with Dewey Edition 19. Analysis of the schedules of literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions along with comparisons with the main outline of the Dewey classification in classes 800, 900, and 400 and comparing them with structures of schedules in the literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions indicate a limit in numbering through the literature, history, and Iranian languages expansions.<br />Conclusion: The Iranian expansions of the Dewey classification need to be updated based on the universal approach used in the main text of the Dewey classification. By implementing the suggestions of this research the Iranian expansions may be combined into one volume. Some suggestions are provided for changing the structure of schedules of these expansions and therefore improving the status of numbering by them.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Prerequisites for Launching the Comprehensive Portal of the National Library to Provide Shared
Inter-Library ServicesPrerequisites for Launching the Comprehensive Portal of the National Library to Provide Shared
Inter-Library Services607291FAR.ShahrabiM.A. in Library and Information Science, National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iran0000-0002-6649-1610F.KhosraviAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science, National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iran0000-0002-4467-8945Journal Article20120602Purpose: This research aimed to identify high-priority services to be provided in the National Library Portal by evaluating the services of the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) as an important center known worldwide that provides cooperative and shared services, and also by assessing a number of library web-portals and interviewing librarians and experts.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This research was qualitative and practical. The research population included 44 faculty members, managers and senior librarians who work in the National Library of Iran and who hold professional and administrative positions.<br />Findings: Based on the responses collected about 25 services expected to be presented in the National Library portal, that is, according to the viewpoint of expert staff, 20 of those services were confirmed as desirable in the comprehensive portal of the National Library.<br />Conclusion: On the basis of the research findings, the basic services in the field of collaborative cataloguing services and information organization, reference services and information retrieval, should have priority in the launching of the integrated website.Purpose: This research aimed to identify high-priority services to be provided in the National Library Portal by evaluating the services of the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) as an important center known worldwide that provides cooperative and shared services, and also by assessing a number of library web-portals and interviewing librarians and experts.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This research was qualitative and practical. The research population included 44 faculty members, managers and senior librarians who work in the National Library of Iran and who hold professional and administrative positions.<br />Findings: Based on the responses collected about 25 services expected to be presented in the National Library portal, that is, according to the viewpoint of expert staff, 20 of those services were confirmed as desirable in the comprehensive portal of the National Library.<br />Conclusion: On the basis of the research findings, the basic services in the field of collaborative cataloguing services and information organization, reference services and information retrieval, should have priority in the launching of the integrated website.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Telework in the National Library and Archives of I.R. of IranTelework in the National Library and Archives of I.R. of Iran749392FAZ.TahavoriM.A. in Library and Information Studies; National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iran0000-0002-0247-6614Journal Article20120215Purpose: The aim of this research was firstly to review literature about telework and the measures taken in this area around the world and in Iran, especially in the field of Library and Information Science; then to analyze the implementation of this type of working in the National Library and Archives of Iran.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This research used literature review and interviews with officials of the Administrative Office of the National Library and Archives of the I.R. Iran.<br />Findings: Library and Information Science jobs and other professions dealing with information require minimum physical presence of the employee in the workplace and therefore they seem appropriate for telework. Some of these activities include cataloguing, indexing and abstracting resources; digital libraries; e-publishing, e-education, documentation, editing databases, digital reference services, translation, and research. The National Library and Archives of Iran is one of the organizations in which some staff have (since January 2012) started telework in different phases. Telework in this organization has been in the form of work-from-home and part-time work. Some requirements of implementing this type of working in an organization are identifying jobs and individuals, information security systems, providing online access for telework staff, hardware and software facilities, financial support, technical support, tools for communicating with managers and other staff, training tele-staff and the periodic evaluation of telework.<br />Conclusion: Apparently this type of work has been successful in some parts of the organization, especially the Department of Processing and Organizing. However, further research is required to assure its validity and especially to evaluate the efficiency of this method or working.Purpose: The aim of this research was firstly to review literature about telework and the measures taken in this area around the world and in Iran, especially in the field of Library and Information Science; then to analyze the implementation of this type of working in the National Library and Archives of Iran.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This research used literature review and interviews with officials of the Administrative Office of the National Library and Archives of the I.R. Iran.<br />Findings: Library and Information Science jobs and other professions dealing with information require minimum physical presence of the employee in the workplace and therefore they seem appropriate for telework. Some of these activities include cataloguing, indexing and abstracting resources; digital libraries; e-publishing, e-education, documentation, editing databases, digital reference services, translation, and research. The National Library and Archives of Iran is one of the organizations in which some staff have (since January 2012) started telework in different phases. Telework in this organization has been in the form of work-from-home and part-time work. Some requirements of implementing this type of working in an organization are identifying jobs and individuals, information security systems, providing online access for telework staff, hardware and software facilities, financial support, technical support, tools for communicating with managers and other staff, training tele-staff and the periodic evaluation of telework.<br />Conclusion: Apparently this type of work has been successful in some parts of the organization, especially the Department of Processing and Organizing. However, further research is required to assure its validity and especially to evaluate the efficiency of this method or working.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219The Viewpoint of Cataloguers at the National Library and Archives of the I.R. Iran about Resource Description and Access (RDA) Rules and an Evaluation of their AcceptanceThe Viewpoint of Cataloguers at the National Library and Archives of the I.R. Iran about Resource Description and Access (RDA) Rules and an Evaluation of their Acceptance9411993FAF.PazookiM.A. in Library and Information ScienceM.Haji-ZeinolabediniAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science; Agricultural Scientific Information and Documentation Center, Tehran, I.R. Iran0000-0003-4226-9377Sh.ArastoopoorAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science; Regional Information Center for Science and Technology, Shiraz, I.R. IranH.SharifmoghaddamAssociate Professor of Library and Information Science; Payame Noor University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, I.R. IranJournal Article20120727Purpose: This research aimed at identifying the extent to which cataloguers were familiar with RDA, how ready they were to accept these rules, and how training may affect this.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The familiarity of 49 cataloguers working in the Cataloging in Publication (CIP) section of the National Library of Iran with RDA was evaluated using two methods i.e. self-reporting (personal opinion) and actual familiarity (using open questions) before and after training. Their acceptance of these rules was also studied.<br />Findings: The cataloguers’ self-reporting about their familiarity with RDA before being trained indicate a higher than average level of familiarity while their actual level of familiarity was lower than average. After being trained their familiarity – both self-reported and actual – was higher than average. Furthermore, the existence of a significant difference between self-reported familiarity, actual familiarity and level of acceptance by cataloguers was also studied according to sex, education, age, and cataloguing experience. There was no significant difference between the cataloguers’ self-reported and actual familiarity with RDA except for cataloguers with different levels of education i.e. before and after being trained, the self-reported familiarity of cataloguers with a master’s degree was higher than the self-reported familiarity of cataloguers with a bachelor’s; furthermore, the actual familiarity of cataloguers with a master’s degree was higher than the actual familiarity of cataloguers with a bachelor’s degree.Purpose: This research aimed at identifying the extent to which cataloguers were familiar with RDA, how ready they were to accept these rules, and how training may affect this.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The familiarity of 49 cataloguers working in the Cataloging in Publication (CIP) section of the National Library of Iran with RDA was evaluated using two methods i.e. self-reporting (personal opinion) and actual familiarity (using open questions) before and after training. Their acceptance of these rules was also studied.<br />Findings: The cataloguers’ self-reporting about their familiarity with RDA before being trained indicate a higher than average level of familiarity while their actual level of familiarity was lower than average. After being trained their familiarity – both self-reported and actual – was higher than average. Furthermore, the existence of a significant difference between self-reported familiarity, actual familiarity and level of acceptance by cataloguers was also studied according to sex, education, age, and cataloguing experience. There was no significant difference between the cataloguers’ self-reported and actual familiarity with RDA except for cataloguers with different levels of education i.e. before and after being trained, the self-reported familiarity of cataloguers with a master’s degree was higher than the self-reported familiarity of cataloguers with a bachelor’s; furthermore, the actual familiarity of cataloguers with a master’s degree was higher than the actual familiarity of cataloguers with a bachelor’s degree.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219The Information Seeking Behavior of Faculty Members of Yazd University of Medical SciencesThe Information Seeking Behavior of Faculty Members of Yazd University of Medical Sciences12013494FAH.Kiani KhouzestaniAssociate Professor of Library and Information Science; Alzahra University, Tehran, I.R. IranM.NiknamAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science; National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. IranF.PishvaeiM.A. in Library and Information Science; Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I.R. IranJournal Article20100705Purpose: This research studied the information seeking behavior of faculty members of Yazd University of Medical sciences and measured their skills in retrieving information, with the aim of improving information seeking among them.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: 243 questionnaires were distributed among the faculty members of Yazd University of Medical Sciences, 200 were completed and collected. This questionnaire, with 24 closed questions, was a researcher-made questionnaire inspired by similar questionnaires. Before distribution, the advice of a number of professors and experts in the field of library and information science and also some professors in the field of medical sciences working in the region were applied to the questionnaire. The collected data were imported to SPSS and analyzed based on descriptive statistics.<br />Findings: 72 faculty members stated that libraries have an average effect on searching for information. The most important medium for accessing information were databases and digital libraries. Index Medicus and PubMed were respectively the most popular databases for printed and digital resources in the field of medical sciences. Furthermore, the most important motivation and aim in searching for information was improving teaching quality. Among the electronic resources used, eBooks were the most popular and among printed resources, specialized books had priority. The most important difficulties in accessing electronic and printed information were respectively, low network speed for sending and receiving information and lack of time.<br />Conclusion: The information seeking behavior of faculty members of Yazd in terms of their access to needed information is not at an optimum level.Purpose: This research studied the information seeking behavior of faculty members of Yazd University of Medical sciences and measured their skills in retrieving information, with the aim of improving information seeking among them.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: 243 questionnaires were distributed among the faculty members of Yazd University of Medical Sciences, 200 were completed and collected. This questionnaire, with 24 closed questions, was a researcher-made questionnaire inspired by similar questionnaires. Before distribution, the advice of a number of professors and experts in the field of library and information science and also some professors in the field of medical sciences working in the region were applied to the questionnaire. The collected data were imported to SPSS and analyzed based on descriptive statistics.<br />Findings: 72 faculty members stated that libraries have an average effect on searching for information. The most important medium for accessing information were databases and digital libraries. Index Medicus and PubMed were respectively the most popular databases for printed and digital resources in the field of medical sciences. Furthermore, the most important motivation and aim in searching for information was improving teaching quality. Among the electronic resources used, eBooks were the most popular and among printed resources, specialized books had priority. The most important difficulties in accessing electronic and printed information were respectively, low network speed for sending and receiving information and lack of time.<br />Conclusion: The information seeking behavior of faculty members of Yazd in terms of their access to needed information is not at an optimum level.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Lines and Layout in Quranic Manuscripts (with an Emphasis on Works from Shiraz in 14th-16th centuries)Lines and Layout in Quranic Manuscripts (with an Emphasis on Works from Shiraz in 14th-16th centuries)13615195FAM.SahragardPh.D. Student in Comparative-Analytic History; Shahed University, Tehran, I.R. IranA.ShiraziAssistant Professor; Faculty of Art, Shahed University, Tehran, I.R. IranJournal Article20111011Purpose: Interest in writing Quranic texts in an aesthetic way led to the formulation of rules for the laying out of text and the development of various calligraphic styles. Another feature for scribes writing the Holy Quran was the organizing and arrangement of lines on the page. The page layouts in Quranic manuscripts of the 14th-16th centuries in Shiraz included some innovations by scribes to improve layout. Introducing these innovations and analyzing them are one of the more difficult aspects of these Qurans. The features of these methods were studied in this paper.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method in this paper was descriptive-analytic. The research data were collected through the library method.<br />Originality: In the history of manuscript design, the innovations of scribes and manuscript writers for dividing pages and the ways of laying out the Quran and other books in different places and at different periods of Islamic civilization, for the holy Quran in particular, especially the Quran copies of 14th-16th century Shiraz, has received little attention.Purpose: Interest in writing Quranic texts in an aesthetic way led to the formulation of rules for the laying out of text and the development of various calligraphic styles. Another feature for scribes writing the Holy Quran was the organizing and arrangement of lines on the page. The page layouts in Quranic manuscripts of the 14th-16th centuries in Shiraz included some innovations by scribes to improve layout. Introducing these innovations and analyzing them are one of the more difficult aspects of these Qurans. The features of these methods were studied in this paper.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method in this paper was descriptive-analytic. The research data were collected through the library method.<br />Originality: In the history of manuscript design, the innovations of scribes and manuscript writers for dividing pages and the ways of laying out the Quran and other books in different places and at different periods of Islamic civilization, for the holy Quran in particular, especially the Quran copies of 14th-16th century Shiraz, has received little attention.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219Preservation Metadata and its Accordance with the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference ModelPreservation Metadata and its Accordance with the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference Model15216996FAM.Sami’iPh.D. Student in Library and Information Science; Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, I.R. Iran0000-0001-7879-6457Journal Article20120501Purpose: This paper aimed to study and identify the preservation metadata in three research projects, namely CEDARS, the National Library of Australia, and NEDLIB. It also evaluates the accordance of these metadata with the elements of the OAIS information model.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This research was carried out using library and the Delphi method. The preservation metadata in three research projects were collected through surveys and interviews with experts and managers of the research projects. These elements were then compared with each other and their relationship with the components and various information of the OAIS model were assessed.<br />Findings: The preservation metadata elements approaches in the projects studied used OAIS concepts and terminology as the basic framework for their metadata; however, the National Library of Australia follows the OAIS implicitly. In all three projects, the focus is on the provenance and the representation Information components of the OAIS information model; they pay much less attention to the other information types of the OAIS information model, such as descriptive information or packaging and descriptive information of preservation (content, fixation, and reference information, etc.).<br />Conclusion: The existence of the metadata for high-level preservation, putting aside digital preservation features, can be a starting point for new measures for digital preservation and can improve the coming together of preservation metadata and the OAIS standard in archival repositories. The findings of this research may be a starting point for a new effort for better identification of common functions and approaches for employing the preservation metadata in support of the digital preservation process. Finally, it becomes necessary for everyone to use a single metadata standard such as PREMIS but to localize it as needed in each country.Purpose: This paper aimed to study and identify the preservation metadata in three research projects, namely CEDARS, the National Library of Australia, and NEDLIB. It also evaluates the accordance of these metadata with the elements of the OAIS information model.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: This research was carried out using library and the Delphi method. The preservation metadata in three research projects were collected through surveys and interviews with experts and managers of the research projects. These elements were then compared with each other and their relationship with the components and various information of the OAIS model were assessed.<br />Findings: The preservation metadata elements approaches in the projects studied used OAIS concepts and terminology as the basic framework for their metadata; however, the National Library of Australia follows the OAIS implicitly. In all three projects, the focus is on the provenance and the representation Information components of the OAIS information model; they pay much less attention to the other information types of the OAIS information model, such as descriptive information or packaging and descriptive information of preservation (content, fixation, and reference information, etc.).<br />Conclusion: The existence of the metadata for high-level preservation, putting aside digital preservation features, can be a starting point for new measures for digital preservation and can improve the coming together of preservation metadata and the OAIS standard in archival repositories. The findings of this research may be a starting point for a new effort for better identification of common functions and approaches for employing the preservation metadata in support of the digital preservation process. Finally, it becomes necessary for everyone to use a single metadata standard such as PREMIS but to localize it as needed in each country.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219The Participation of Authorities in the Field of Promotion of Science and Satisfaction with their Performance: the Viewpoint of Experts with Natural and Legal StatusThe Participation of Authorities in the Field of Promotion of Science and Satisfaction with their Performance: the Viewpoint of Experts with Natural and Legal Status17019497FAA.HeidariPh.D. in Library and Information Science; Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Tehran, I.R. IranM.HassanzadehAssistant Professor of Library and Information Science; Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. Iran0000000261750855Journal Article20110923Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the participation of authorities charged with the promotion of science in the performance of that task, and the satisfaction with their performance from the viewpoint of experts and legal experts.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The data were collected through a combination of record-based, library-based, and survey methods. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the sampling method was purposeful and snowball sampling. The research population included 30 experts and 30 legal experts working in institutions responsible for the promotion of science in Iran.<br />Findings: In terms of degree of participation, only the Ministry of Science, Research, and Education (Universities) and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education scored higher than average.<br />Conclusion: The findings of the research show that the participation of authorities in the process of the promotion of science is at a low level and performance is also not satisfactory. In order to strengthen the promotion of science process in Iran and make for success in this national mechanism, the participation of the authorities for the promotion of science must increase.Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the participation of authorities charged with the promotion of science in the performance of that task, and the satisfaction with their performance from the viewpoint of experts and legal experts.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The data were collected through a combination of record-based, library-based, and survey methods. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the sampling method was purposeful and snowball sampling. The research population included 30 experts and 30 legal experts working in institutions responsible for the promotion of science in Iran.<br />Findings: In terms of degree of participation, only the Ministry of Science, Research, and Education (Universities) and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education scored higher than average.<br />Conclusion: The findings of the research show that the participation of authorities in the process of the promotion of science is at a low level and performance is also not satisfactory. In order to strengthen the promotion of science process in Iran and make for success in this national mechanism, the participation of the authorities for the promotion of science must increase.National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of IranLibrarianship and Information Organization Studies2783-464623420130219The Role of National Library of Iran Librarians and Information Experts in Advancing ResearchThe Role of National Library of Iran Librarians and Information Experts in Advancing Research19621498FAA.NajafgholinejadPh.D. Student in Library and Information Science; National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. IranA.SadeghzadehPh.D. in Library and Information Science; National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iranhttps://orcid.org/00Journal Article20120319Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the role of librarians and information experts in the National Library of Iran in the processes of research and their role in advancing researchers’ studies.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method was a survey and the data collection tools were two researcher-made questionnaires distributed among 80 researchers and 18 librarians of the information section.<br />Findings: Based on the results of this study, researchers ask help from librarians in the information gathering stage more than any other time. There is no significant relationship between the librarians’ familiarity with research methods and the researchers’ asking for help. There is a significant difference between the viewpoint of the librarians and researchers about the effectiveness of the librarians’ help in advancing research: the librarians themselves consider the questions from the researchers’ to the librarians to be beneficial while the researchers themselves don’t state that the librarian’s help is useful. A significant relationship has been observed between the frequency of library use and willingness to ask for help from librarians. The more the researchers use the library, the more they tend to ask librarians for help. Moreover, there is a significant difference between the viewpoints of librarians and researchers concerning how often researchers ask for help from the librarian: the researchers ask less help from the librarians than the librarians themselves believe.<br />Conclusion: The researchers don’t consider librarians and information experts in the National Library of Iran to be valuable resources in the research process. They believe that the librarians’ role in guiding the researchers in their study is no more than finding and providing resources. The researchers’ low level of acquaintance with the reference and information services of the library and on the other hand their lack of familiarity with the librarians’ skills are among the reasons for not asking for help from librarians. Lack of research experience in more than 50 percent of the librarians of the information section who communicate directly with researchers can be due to inappropriate selection of librarians or deficiencies in the educational programs for librarians.Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the role of librarians and information experts in the National Library of Iran in the processes of research and their role in advancing researchers’ studies.<br />Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method was a survey and the data collection tools were two researcher-made questionnaires distributed among 80 researchers and 18 librarians of the information section.<br />Findings: Based on the results of this study, researchers ask help from librarians in the information gathering stage more than any other time. There is no significant relationship between the librarians’ familiarity with research methods and the researchers’ asking for help. There is a significant difference between the viewpoint of the librarians and researchers about the effectiveness of the librarians’ help in advancing research: the librarians themselves consider the questions from the researchers’ to the librarians to be beneficial while the researchers themselves don’t state that the librarian’s help is useful. A significant relationship has been observed between the frequency of library use and willingness to ask for help from librarians. The more the researchers use the library, the more they tend to ask librarians for help. Moreover, there is a significant difference between the viewpoints of librarians and researchers concerning how often researchers ask for help from the librarian: the researchers ask less help from the librarians than the librarians themselves believe.<br />Conclusion: The researchers don’t consider librarians and information experts in the National Library of Iran to be valuable resources in the research process. They believe that the librarians’ role in guiding the researchers in their study is no more than finding and providing resources. The researchers’ low level of acquaintance with the reference and information services of the library and on the other hand their lack of familiarity with the librarians’ skills are among the reasons for not asking for help from librarians. Lack of research experience in more than 50 percent of the librarians of the information section who communicate directly with researchers can be due to inappropriate selection of librarians or deficiencies in the educational programs for librarians.