R.D.F.: A model for resource description in semantic web
E.
Yousefi Rad
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی مرکز پژوهشهای مجلس شورای اسلامی
author
text
article
2009
per
One of the problems search engines have always faced with is matching the searchquery word-by-word with available documents in the search engine database. Thisleads to retrieving a large number of irrelevant documents and not retrieving all relevantdocuments. As a response to this weakness, the concept of “semantic web” hasappeared which not only matches the terms but also searches according to: topicality,relationships among data, type of data, and other qualities. This article presentsa description of semantic web followed by reference to its function with specialemphasis on the “ontologies” which are the main components of semantic web appliedfor both meaning and concept matching. Then some issues are examined in theformat of response and request which arise in semantic web. In addition ResourceDescription Framework (R.D.F), one of the components of semantic web, is discussed.It aims to establish a mechanism for the description of internet documentsand resources.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
9
22
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_243_46b1c72c2cd74a4cc1a629df19c4eef3.pdf
OPACs and present ambiguities in information transfer
A.
Biranvand
عضو هیئت علمی گروه کتابداری دانشگاه پیام نور
author
H.
Sharifmoghadam
عضو هیئت علمی گروة کتابداری دانشگاه پیام نور
author
text
article
2009
per
OPACs (Online Public Access Catalogues) are online catalogues of libraries andinformation centers designed for easier and quicker access to the library holdings.OPACs require familiarity with basic information literacy concepts to some extent:It means that the more a person knows the concepts of a subject, the better he/she can access and retrieve needed information through OPACs. Online cataloguesof libraries have separate functions as bibliographic databases, data entry and as amethod for introducing a library and its services. This research aims to evaluate thefunctionality of OPACs and their problems. Furthermore in this paper the OPAC hasbeen surveyed from the perspective of communication theory and effective factorsconcerning communication process have been identified. Weakness in classificationand cataloguing rules, gradual evolution of library classifications and subject headingsand also the complexity of cataloguing rules are some of the factors considered.Also the present ambiguity in key words, relational code and language symptomsare the main causes of the numerous problems which OPACs are faced with.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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no.
2009
23
36
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_244_6f6b8d57e486c8e04208f6aef53d8030.pdf
Presenting a model for demonstration features and user interface
of web-based OPACs in Iran
R.
Zavaraqi
عضو هیئت علمی گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه تبریز و دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران
author
A.
Farajpahlou
استاد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
author
text
article
2009
per
This research aims at designing a model for the presentational and user interface featuresof Iran’s web-based OPACs, according to world standards and expert viewpoints. Data collecting tools used were library studies and check lists. The study populationincluded professional librarians familiar with OPACs who were chosen through purposivesampling. The model presented different criteria in both parts of demonstrationfeatures and user interface: the criteria associated with demonstration features are: generalspecifications, educational information, tags, textual features and page design.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
2783-4646
20
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3
no.
2009
37
74
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_245_af8dbe0818fb06b26a54dfb21e1ccd09.pdf
Evaluation of factoring ratio in descriptors of thesauri of ASFA
and Islamic science: a quantitative approach to analysis of precoordination
level
M.
Amir Hosseini
دکتری کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی، عضو هیئت علمی و کارشناس اتاق فکر جهاد کشاورزی
author
R.
Mohebi
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی
author
text
article
2009
per
International standard of ISO 2788 and British Standard 8723 emphasize on the applicationof individual descriptors and the analysis of multiword or complex descriptorsto separate semantic elements. These standards nominate "factoring" as a wayfor analyzing multiword terms. Factoring rules are laid down in order to decreasethe usage of multiword descriptors and move towards the compilation of individualdescriptors. Therefore there should always be a defined relation between the numberof descriptors and the number of words used in their structure. In the factoring ratioit is supposed that the number of one-word descriptors should always be more thantwo-word descriptors and the number of two-word descriptors should always be morethan three-word descriptors etc. The way of calculating the factoring ratio is based onanalyzing the ratio of descriptors to the number of different words. In this researchthe descriptors of the thesauri of ASFA(trilingual cultural thesaurus: English, Persian,Arabic), principles of jurisprudence, logic, philosophy, Qur'anic sciences and theologyhave been analyzed and evaluated to determine the factoring ratio of descriptors tothe number of different words. For quantitative analysis of factoring the methodologyused in the research is content analysis. The study population is descriptors chosen through stratified random sampling. The results showed that the number of one-worddescriptors have always been less than two-word multiword descriptors in the thesaurievaluated. One-word descriptors were mostly applied in thesauri of ASFA, logic andtheology. The best results in reducing the level of pre-coordination belonged to thethesauri of ASFA, principles of jurisprudence and philosophy in sequence.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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2009
75
98
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_246_6f2196db6727c00173d2badc288c82bf.pdf
Digital image retrieval according to automated methods and
technologies in web environment and databases
F.
Doroudi
دکتری کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی، سازمان اسناد و کتابخانة ملی ایران
author
N.
Muhammad Alipour
دکتری کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی، عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن
author
text
article
2009
per
The number of audiovisual materials in the web environment is growing increasingly,hence the precision and recall of the retrieved results of these materials is of high importance.Because of the special features of digital audiovisual materials like clarity,color, density of pixels, quality of sound etc organization and classification of them inthe web environment needs to use methods which considers these features other thanjust assigning subject identifiers (key words). Some of the new approaches to classificationof audiovisual materials in web environments are: visualization, informationretrieval by the type of data (one-dimensional, two-dimensional, hypertext, textual,etc.) latent semantic indexing, digital automatic classification, image and auditory materialclustering. Using these methods can provide better organization of audio-visualmaterials for responding exactly to the needs of users in the web environment.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
2783-4646
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3
no.
2009
99
114
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_247_04accc8618898ef8b04aae92f4117176.pdf
A study on the extent to which bibliographic records available in
the database of manuscripts of Khane-ye Ketab follow cataloguing
rules
M.
Khoshbakht
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
F.
Khosravi
عضو هیئت علمی سازمان اسناد و کتابخانة ملی ایران
author
text
article
2009
per
This research aims to evaluate bibliographic records available at the database ofmanuscripts of the Khane-ye Ketab in terms of conformity with cataloguing rulesapproved and used by National Library of Iran. This research is an applied one andthe methodology is an analytical survey in which a checklist has been used as a toolfor data collecting. The more cataloguers of manuscripts follow the cataloguing rulesthe better will be the quality of manuscript cataloguing. The findings indicate that thecataloguers do not care about the bibliographic elements such as place of compilation,statement of responsibility and added entries. As there is no information for thementioned elements in each of the evaluated records. Also the results show that thehighest conformity with cataloguing rules is in the language element at 96 percentwhile the lowest is in the statement of responsibility which is 95/6 percent
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
115
122
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_248_4d689b8ee7173e73262467656f6c736f.pdf
The extent to which central libraries of state universities in Tehran
use bibliographic records of Latin books in the National
Bibliography of Iran
A.
Gardeshi
کارشناس ارشد کتابخانة مرکزی و مرکز اسناد دانشگاه تهران
author
H.
Keshavarz
کارشناس ارشدکتابداری و اطلاعرسانی سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
author
text
article
2009
per
The present research evaluates the extent to which the central libraries of state universitiesin Tehran use the bibliographic records of Latin (Non-Persian and Arabic) books in the National Bibliography of Iran. The methodology was survey researchand a questionnaire as a tool for data collecting was distributed to cataloguers ofthe study population (including 13 central libraries). The findings showed that noneof the libraries followed new policies which National Library of Iran uses for cataloguingLatin books (only the description area of bibliographic records in NationalLibrary of Iran is catalogued using the original language of the book, but otherparts are all in Persian). 13.2 % of the cataloguers catalogue the Latin books in theiroriginal language and 76.3% of them catalogue Latin books in English. Thereforethere should be some changes to cataloguing procedures in the note and subject accessareas. 55.3% of the cataloguers have used English language for the notes area.While none of them suggested using Persian language for the subject area i.e. thecurrent method of National Library. Instead 57.9 % chose to use English for thesubject area.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
2783-4646
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3
no.
2009
123
140
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_249_68efb5e753e423ac033110ee9aabcf25.pdf
A study on the extent to which the abstracts of PhD theses in the
field of humanities in the Science and Research Campus of the
Islamic Azad University meet the ISO abstracting standard
M.
Malek Mohammadi
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی و مدرس دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دماوند
author
text
article
2009
per
This research aims to study the extent to which the ISO standard is employed inwriting the Persian abstracts of PhD theses of the courses of humanities in IslamicAzad University, Science and Research Campus. The method used was analyticalsurvey: Persian abstracts of PhD theses of the courses of humanities and social sciencein five faculties of Humanities, Management and Economics, Law and Politics,Language and Literature, Islamic Science, and Philosophy in 1989-2005 were evaluated.132 theses were selected using the method of cluster sampling. These sampleswere then assessed using an evaluation checklist based on the ISO abstracting standard. Findings showed that the extent to which the ISO abstracting standard wasapplied in Persian abstracts of PhD theses in the field of humanities is 38.98 percentand the standard deviation is 13.67. However among the Faculties of the Scienceand Research campus of the Islamic Azad University, the Faculty of Humanities hasthe most conformity with ISO abstracting standards which is about 48.88 percentand standard deviation of 12.68.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
141
154
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_250_7407bfddec12c0063fb480c8c2a0b94e.pdf
An analysis of the advances in automatic text summarization
Gh.
Azadi Ahmadabadi
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی
author
text
article
2009
per
Summarization as one of the main devices for analysis and organization of documentsis done manually or automatically. With the advancement of technology, productionof automatic text summarization has been developed. In the present articlethe approaches of automatic text summarization are divided into single documentsummarization and multi-document summarization. Single document summarizationincludes traditional approaches, statistical processing (based on the collection),approaches based on the structure of forum and knowledge-based approaches. Multidocumentsummarization evaluates the advances in this field. Effective factors onthe system of automatic text summarization have been evaluated in three parts: (1)input aspects (including text structure, field, level of proficiency, language limit,scale, medium, type, unit and language); (2) objective aspects (including position,audience, application); and (3) output aspects (including content, format, method,the process of production, replacement and length).
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
155
176
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_251_2f41c66bf46563f4149fc81fc3760090.pdf
An introduction to taxonomy and its role in information
organization
M.
Sami’i
عضو هیئت علمی سازمان اسناد و کتابخانة ملی ایران و دانشجوی دکتری کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
author
text
article
2009
per
Taxonomies are multiple hierarchical catalogues of subjects and topical categorieswhich indicate conceptual relationships. In other words, taxonomies are the scienceof classification which includes general principles for classifying objects and factsinto different larger classes, within each main class divisions are then made intosub-classes. The main objective of taxonomies is to organize a collection of differentelements in a hierarchical structure and facilitate relevant information retrieval.In the present paper, concepts, history, process, advantages, principles, theory andmethodology of taxonomies are debated. Taxonomies are of different types suchas classic taxonomy, numerical taxonomy, taxonomy as ontology in artificial intelligence,taxonomy in object-oriented programming, and taxonomy in informationarchitecture. Some of the advantages of using taxonomies are: access to relevantinformation in a short time, increasing knowledge share, and reducing the time fordecision making.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
177
196
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_252_f301b6b80b8447d7b112b2c42e60ed56.pdf
A structural approach to Resource Description and Access
(RDA) standards with emphasis on its basic models: functional
requirements for bibliographic records and functional
requirements for authority
F.
Didegah
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی مرکز منطقهای اطلاعرسانی علوم و فناوری
author
M.
Erfanmanesh
دانشجوی دکتری علوم کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه مالایا، مالزی
author
text
article
2009
per
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is the new standard for resource descriptionand access designed for the digital world. This new standard is superseding the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 2 (AACR2) and attempts to address the challengesof the new age of information and to develop new rules for description ofand access to modern media and the resources available in databases. The increasingtendency in libraries and information centers to include digital resources makesfamiliarity with the new rules like RDA necessary. In the present paper a brief introductionof this standard and its requirements and goals are presented, followedby a comprehensive evaluation of the structure of this model and its foundations:Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and Functional Requirementsfor Authority Data (FRAD). In addition, the main differences betweenRDA and AACR2 have been surveyed.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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v.
3
no.
2009
197
214
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_253_dc48127bf4405b578746d73a10e6ba64.pdf
Approaches to indexing in Islamic documents and
information center
M.
Najibi
عضو هیئت علمی مرکز اطلاعات و مدارک اسلامی
author
text
article
2009
per
In the present article the definitions of indexing are discussed. Then thoughts, approaches,policies, principles, and executive guidelines related to the indexing ofIslamic documents and information center are presented. The paper aims to developthe culture of discussion, review and evaluation of the different viewpoints, experiencesand innovations in information centers—especially in the field of Islamic sciences—to improve local and comprehensive standards in the field of indexing.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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v.
3
no.
2009
215
226
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_254_c75cdd3e6cbb6317602d0a0db865269a.pdf
The indexing process and its approaches in the organization
of information
Z.
Kazempour
عضو هیئت علمی گروه کتابداری دانشگاه پیامنور شهرضا
author
H.
Ashrafirizi
استادیار گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان
author
text
article
2009
per
One of the most important methods of information organization, for optimal use ofinformation, is indexing. Indexing is a complicated process and its understandingas a mental process is of considerable importance. This process includes extractingthe concepts from the document and changing them to indexing terminology whichaims to present a summary of the content of the document. In the present paper, theconcept of the indexing process is discussed and then some of the more importantapproaches applied by indexers in the stages of indexing are evaluated. One of theseapproaches is called "response to questions". In this approach the indexer thinks,which questions the user of this document will have, that need to be responded to inthis context.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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20
v.
3
no.
2009
227
238
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_255_32ec770afd17adc49d08b7a36664aad3.pdf
Folksonomy: by users, for users
A.
Mardani
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
author
text
article
2009
per
The increasing growth of information sources on the web has made informationorganization more necessary. During recent years some efforts have been made toorganize internet sources such as using public core metadata systems, library classificationsystems like Library of Congress (LC) and Dewey Decimal Classificationand also user-centered approaches including Web 2.0 and social software. Folksonomyis a system of classification which is the result of personal free tagging of differentformats of information such as text, data, image and objects. Folksonomy iscreated from the act of tagging by the person consuming the information. Tagging facilitates the way of organizing web content and provides the possibility for informationseeking and retrieval, using different information sources and hyperlinks.Folksonomy has both advantages and disadvantages for information organization.In the present paper a history of completed researches about the disadvantages ofand improving approaches to Folksonomy have been discussed. Some of its advantagesare that it is multi-dimensional, it uses the language of the user, promotes users'skills etc.: there are numerous problems with Folksonomy systems derived fromthe use of uncontrolled keywords which are also considered in the paper.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
2783-4646
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3
no.
2009
239
260
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_256_bfca8770f6c2bf517f47e5a255c41c8d.pdf
Capabilities and restrictions of MARC
A.
Gha'ebi
عضو هیئت علمی گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه الزهراء (س)
author
E.
Karimi Mansourabad
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی سازمان اسناد و کتابخانة ملی ایران
author
text
article
2009
per
The present research aims to evaluate the status of MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloguing)in Iran and to identify its capabilities and restrictions. The methods ofthis research are library research and also interviewing with a number of expertsin the fields of computer and library and information science. The most importantcapabilities of MARC are: a standard for bibliographic information interchange andstorage, having the possibilities for the exchange of bibliographic information in differentlanguages and the creation of a union catalogue. Problems experienced withMARC in Iran are the unfamiliarity of librarians and teachers of library science withMARC, the incompatibility of library softwares with MARC and inconsistency inusing any kind of MARC.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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20
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3
no.
2009
261
270
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_257_dc0dd3c839ca9b553167cfb404a6bfc3.pdf
A review on the literature of indexing and abstracting in Iran
(1969-2008)
M.
Nowkarizi
استادیار گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه بیرجند
author
Sh.
Yari
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی
author
text
article
2009
per
Indexing and abstracting are the new methods of information organization. They areof high importance considering the growing development of channels of informationproduction and also the necessity of enhancing speed and precision of accessto information that has been produced. There are a large number of resources aboutindexing and abstracting which have been published to clarify the methods. Thepresent paper aims to comprehensively analyze and evaluate Persian works aboutindexing and abstracting: books, dissertations and articles which have been publishedin the field of library and information science in Iran. The results show thatthe first Persian writings in the field of indexing and abstracting were published inthe 1970s and the most dominant works of this field were published in the 2000s.Also for this four decade period examining indexing and abstracting in Iran, mostof the published works of this field (books and articles) are compilation (not translation)mainly about indexing and its different aspects.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
no.
2009
271
290
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_258_5bfa52bcbef52decca6686e3ee9b09c3.pdf
Automatic indexing and common softwares: a review
A.
Doulani
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی پزشکی و مدرس گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه پیامنور ارومیه
author
M.
Farhadpour
دانشجوی دورة دکتری کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه آزاد تهران واحد علوم و تحقیقات
author
text
article
2009
per
The continuing proliferation of scientific information resources has made informationspecialists explore methods for information compression and the facilitation ofinformation seeking. Indexing is one of the economical shortcut paths for access to information. Among numerous methods of indexing each has its own advantagesand disadvantages, automatic indexing is one of the methods which not only makesavailable information searchable but also expands the capabilities of people in theage of information explosion and continuous growth of information especially inelectronic format. The advancement and evolution of automatic indexing software,enhancing the process of indexing, merging the methods of manual and automaticindexing and reducing time and cost have made managers of databases eager to usetechnologies more and more. This paper gives an introduction to automatic indexingalong with a presentation of expert viewpoints about the implicit comparisonbetween the two methods of indexing (automatic and manual). Then follows a comprehensiveintroduction to automatic indexing software.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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v.
3
no.
2009
291
310
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_259_9922d1d7321ceafaf0ef78afed481a14.pdf
Library softwares and cataloguing in World 2.0: A sample of a
library 2.0 soft ware
O.
Tajedini
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی کتابخانة مرکزی و مدرس گروه کتابداری دانشگاه شهید باهنر
author
A.
Moosavi
کارشناس ارشد کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی مرکز تحقیقات بیوشیمی و بیوفیزیک دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2009
per
The world of information and communications has always faced unexpected changes.Web 2.0 opened a new window to libraries for cooperation and interaction withusers. Library 2.0 which definitely involves elements taken from Web 2.0 emergedas a new approach for using communication and information technologies and socialsoftwares in library affairs and moving towards libraries without walls. It createdthe basis for Cataloguing 2.0 in association with new applications. Cataloguing 2.0considers the user as a counselor and an assistant in all library affairs. This researchdiscusses library software as a tool for cataloguing, then examines the influence ofWorld 2.0 on cataloguing and gives a brief introduction of a software called "innovative"as a symbol of Cataloguing 2.0. This user-centered software provides thepossibility for changing its structure and facilitates user-library interaction.
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
National Library and Archives of Islamic Republic of Iran
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v.
3
no.
2009
311
320
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_260_41537c334fabf5f8242eda7fb251daee.pdf
A farewell to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules: RDA: a
tool for cataloguing of digital resources
A.
Khasseh
عضو هیئت علمی گروه کتابداری و اطلاعرسانی دانشگاه پیام نور
author
text
article
2009
per
The emergence and development of kinds of digital formats in the 21st century madecataloguing rules for printed formats less usable. In addition, traditional informationsources have been emerged in numerous formats, transferring those to web-basedand digital formats has reduced the prominence of library cataloguers in the organizationof information. The second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rulesdoesn't have that much efficiency in resource description and organization of newsources so more review on this inadequate standard seems needed. The standard ofResource Description and Access (RDA) has been designed to meet current problemsrelated to the organization of digital resources. This research provides a surveyon the weak points and capabilities of the 2nd edition of the Anglo-American CataloguingRules and gives an introduction to the standard of Resource Descriptionand Access (RDA) and discusses its goals and basic features. Some of the featuresof this standard are its adaptability with MARC21, Dublin core, FRBR (FunctionalRequirements for Bibliographic Records) and FRDA (Functional Requirements forAuthority Data).
Librarianship and Information Organization Studies
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no.
2009
321
336
https://nastinfo.nlai.ir/article_261_92a7615662f14193380a38492f559e5b.pdf